陈王奋起挥黄钺
发表于 2018-1-22 21:09:07
Dracula 发表于 2018-1-21 12:31
我也用google搜了一下克里特文明,
就那么一点人口的几个小岛, 不可能发展出辉煌的文明。我觉得他们是海盗窝更加准确一点
冰蚁
发表于 2018-1-22 21:24:29
猫元帅 发表于 2018-1-22 05:18
对了。实际上红军在长征沿途都建立了红色政权,而且有的名头还挺大。
如果把红军长征模仿亚历山大东征来 ...
红军把老窝都丢了,才长征。亚历山大东征和红军长征是有本质区别。试想红军如果不丢老窝,还能一路打到陕北,一路建立政权,那可不就是半个中国到手里了。
亚历山大东征也不是一路就所向披靡。要看被征服地区军队的抵抗意志,地形等等。亚历山大的兵不够,抵抗军凭城坚守,亚历山大的军队没有什么好办法。打加沙不也打了好多个月。但加沙打完了,波斯人的兵也彻底没了。埃及也就兵不血刃得得到了。
猫元帅
发表于 2018-1-22 21:42:05
冰蚁 发表于 2018-1-22 21:24
红军把老窝都丢了,才长征。亚历山大东征和红军长征是有本质区别。试想红军如果不丢老窝,还能一路打到陕 ...
我和很多人争论的焦点就在于,我觉得亚历山大的故事注水很多,而很多人坚定的相信那些都是事实。
实际上是无法讨论的。
dynthia
发表于 2018-1-22 21:59:07
本帖最后由 dynthia 于 2018-1-22 08:36 编辑
猫元帅 发表于 2018-1-22 02:58
中文比较优势的地方是可以单字成句,写起来比较省地方。但是公元前四世纪的古希腊,一个人写几百万字也是 ...
一、根据某篇文字统计分析专业论文(见Anthony Kenny主编的Essays on the Aristotelian Tradition, 牛津2001版)亚里士多德作品大概是一百万个单词的篇幅,够不上"几百万字"(除非是数字母,但那样得到的数字意义显然不如数单词大)。
二、中文,即使是文言,是怎么"单字成句"的,请给个实例,除了"然"、"可"、"否"之类,我还真想不出来,这种句子别的语言用一个词也可以做到的。
三、原文比起中文的拖沓程度到底如何,这里举个实例吧:
φανερὸν δὲ καὶ ὅτι πᾶν συνεχὲς ·
It is clear so also that every continuous thing
διαιρετὸν εἰς αἰεὶ διαιρετά
is divisible into always divisible things
εἰ γὰρ εἰς ἀδιαίρετα, ·
if (it is divisible) sinceinto indivisible things,
ἔσται ἀδιαίρετον ἀδιαιρέτου ἁπτόμενον
there will be an indivisible thing with an indivisible thing joined
ἓν γὰρ τὸ ἔσχατον καὶ ἅπτεται τῶν συνεχῶν.
one since(is) theextreme point and is joined of the continuous things.
(Physics,VI.1.1)
英文是我加的。请译成中文并比较一下长度,我认为不会缩短太多。
dynthia
发表于 2018-1-22 22:08:36
猫元帅 发表于 2018-1-22 07:42
我和很多人争论的焦点就在于,我觉得亚历山大的故事注水很多,而很多人坚定的相信那些都是事实。
实际上 ...
肯定不全是事实,肯定有注水,但注水的程度在您看来是大于90%甚至99%,在比如在下看来是绝对小于50%,这才是争论的地方。
dynthia
发表于 2018-1-22 22:24:39
猫元帅 发表于 2018-1-22 02:58
中文比较优势的地方是可以单字成句,写起来比较省地方。但是公元前四世纪的古希腊,一个人写几百万字也是 ...
谈迁一个人写国榷,第一稿六年就写完了,现在所见的字数是428万字,第一稿未必少太多。古人写书的效率没有那么低。
冰蚁
发表于 2018-1-22 22:33:57
猫元帅 发表于 2018-1-22 08:42
我和很多人争论的焦点就在于,我觉得亚历山大的故事注水很多,而很多人坚定的相信那些都是事实。
实际上 ...
第一,亚历山大没有征服一个又一个帝国,主要就是波斯帝国。这个是历史真实的。
第二,亚历山大在扫灭波斯的过程主要靠三场战役消灭波斯军队有生力量。消灭完了,波斯再无象样的抵抗力量。这样后面才能横扫。这个也是历史事实。
唯一要说注水的就是波斯军队数目。西方历史学界对此也有争论。但亚历山大以少胜多应该是真实的。
龙血树
发表于 2018-1-22 22:46:16
冰蚁 发表于 2018-1-22 22:33
第一,亚历山大没有征服一个又一个帝国,主要就是波斯帝国。这个是历史真实的。
第二,亚历山大在扫灭波 ...
麻烦在于就没有一本正经可靠的古代历史书看,古往今来又注水不断,所以正经可靠的现代书也难找,想想就烦
猫元帅
发表于 2018-1-22 23:29:50
dynthia 发表于 2018-1-22 22:24
谈迁一个人写国榷,第一稿六年就写完了,现在所见的字数是428万字,第一稿未必少太多。古人写书的效率 ...
你这个第一稿未必少太多不知道是从什么地方的出的结论。
"六易其稿,汇至百卷"明显是一个递增的概念,并且谈迁还有明实录、邸报作参考,最后用了二十多年才完书。就着也没有阿奎那七八年写的多。
这件事也挺好玩儿。百卷本的书,好大一包呢,小偷也是闲得难受偷这个?
dynthia
发表于 2018-1-22 23:38:28
本帖最后由 dynthia 于 2018-1-22 09:45 编辑
猫元帅 发表于 2018-1-22 09:29
你这个第一稿未必少太多不知道是从什么地方的出的结论。
"六易其稿,汇至百卷"明显是一个递增的概念,并 ...
就算再少第一稿不至于少于一百万字吧。神学大全的字数我在您日志里回了,似乎没有那么离谱。两个是可以类比的。
猫元帅
发表于 2018-1-22 23:50:54
冰蚁 发表于 2018-1-22 22:33
第一,亚历山大没有征服一个又一个帝国,主要就是波斯帝国。这个是历史真实的。
第二,亚历山大在扫灭波 ...
你能看出长征叙事的问题,是因为长征发生在20世纪,有无数的纪录存世。
而亚历山大东征,发生在公元前四世纪,有多少记录存世?靠谱的有多少?流传有序的有多少?
很多人说司马迁的史记是文学作品,可是别忘了司马迁写史记,有国家档案馆的资料可以参考。当年刘邦入咸阳,萧何第一步就奔了秦国的档案库,这些保存下来的图书司马迁都能看到。更何况,司马迁写史记的时候,去古未远,资料很多。比如鸿门宴发生的时候距离司马迁写书才一百年,相当于现在人写辛亥革命的事情。
可是亚历山大东征,有这些记录吗?也许楔形文字里面有记录?
所以你说的“这个是历史事实”,就要打很大的问号。20
dynthia
发表于 2018-1-23 00:00:41
猫元帅 发表于 2018-1-22 09:29
你这个第一稿未必少太多不知道是从什么地方的出的结论。
"六易其稿,汇至百卷"明显是一个递增的概念,并 ...
我统计了一下Project Gutenberg所收录神学大全英文版的词数:
第一卷407055
第二卷(上) 395242
第二卷(下) 731366
第三卷 275060
共计1,808,723。但这里包括了每一部分前后Project Gutenberg所加的说明和版权声明(并不短),而且拉丁文词数一般少于英文词数,因此毛估一下原文应是在一百五十万词左右。
dynthia
发表于 2018-1-23 00:03:03
猫元帅 发表于 2018-1-22 09:50
你能看出长征叙事的问题,是因为长征发生在20世纪,有无数的纪录存世。
而亚历山大东征,发生在公元前四 ...
楔形文字里确实有记录
dynthia
发表于 2018-1-23 00:22:52
本帖最后由 dynthia 于 2018-1-22 10:24 编辑
猫元帅 发表于 2018-1-22 09:29
你这个第一稿未必少太多不知道是从什么地方的出的结论。
"六易其稿,汇至百卷"明显是一个递增的概念,并 ...
再换个例子,通志七百万字左右,而且作者此外还有大量著作。古人一生著述数百万字有何不可信呢。
冰蚁
发表于 2018-1-23 00:43:01
dynthia 发表于 2018-1-22 11:22
再换个例子,通志七百万字左右,而且作者此外还有大量著作。古人一生著述数百万字有何不可信呢。 ...
据说,倪匡写了一亿字,唐家三少86个月写了2000多万字。
{:191:}
Dracula
发表于 2018-1-23 05:14:19
本帖最后由 Dracula 于 2018-1-23 05:28 编辑
猫元帅 发表于 2018-1-22 23:50
你能看出长征叙事的问题,是因为长征发生在20世纪,有无数的纪录存世。
而亚历山大东征,发生在公元前四 ...
你对古希腊史学,明显和我一样是完全的外行,最起码的应该在网上查点东西搞点研究,再去质疑专家的结论。要不然有点太狂妄了。
关于亚历山大的史料,这是Wikipedia的条目。
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historiography_of_Alexander_the_Great
Historiography of Alexander the Great
There are numerous surviving ancient Greek and Latin sources on Alexander the Great, king of Macedon, as well as some oriental texts. The five main surviving accounts are by Arrian, Plutarch, Diodorus, Curtius and Justin. In addition to these five main sources, there is the Metz Epitome, an anonymous late Latin work that narrates Alexander's campaigns from Hyrcania to India. Much is also recounted incidentally by other authors, including Strabo, Athenaeus, Polyaenus, Aelian, and others. Strabo, who gives a summary of Callisthenes, is an important source for Alexander's journey to Siwah.
Contemporary sources
The primary sources written by people who actually knew Alexander or who gathered information from men who served with Alexander, are all lost, apart from a few inscriptions and fragments. Contemporaries who wrote accounts of his life include Alexander's campaign historian Callisthenes; Alexander's generals Ptolemy and Nearchus; Aristobulus, a junior officer on the campaigns; and Onesicritus, Alexander's chief helmsman. Finally, there is the very influential account of Cleitarchus who, while not a direct witness of Alexander's expedition, used sources which had just been published. His work was to be the backbone of that of Timagenes, who heavily influenced many historians whose work still survives. None of his works survived, but we do have later works based on these primary sources
The five main sources
Arrian
Anabasis Alexandri (The Campaigns of Alexander in Greek) by the Greek historian Arrian of Nicomedia, writing in the 2nd century AD, and based largely on Ptolemy and, to a lesser extent, Aristobulus and Nearchus. It is generally considered one of the best sources on the campaigns of Alexander as well as one of the founders of a primarily military-based focus on history. Arrian cites his source by name and he often criticizes them. He is not interested in the King's private life, overlooking his errors . That Alexander should have committed errors in conduct from impetuosity or from wrath, and that he should have been induced to comport himself like the Persian monarchs to an immoderate degree, I do not think remarkable if we fairly consider both his youth and his uninterrupted career of good fortune. I do not think that even his tracing his origin to a god was a great error on Alexander's part, if it was not perhaps merely a device to induce his subjects to show him reverence. (Arrian 7b 29)
Plutarch
Life of Alexander (see Parallel Lives) and two orations On the Fortune or the Virtue of Alexander the Great (see Moralia), by the Greek historian and biographer Plutarch of Chaeronea in the second century, based largely on Aristobulus and especially Cleitarchus. Plutarch devotes a great deal of space to Alexander's drive and desire, and strives to determine how much of it was presaged in his youth. He also draws extensively on the work of Lysippus, Alexander's favourite sculptor, to provide what is probably the fullest and most accurate description of the conqueror's physical appearance.
Diodorus
Bibliotheca historica (Library of world history), written in Greek by the Sicilian historian Diodorus Siculus, from which Book 17 relates the conquests of Alexander, based almost entirely on Cleitarchus and Hieronymus of Cardia. It is the oldest surviving Greek source (1st century BC). Diodorus regarded Alexander like Caesar as a key historical figure and chronological marker.
Curtius
Historiae Alexandri Magni, a biography of Alexander in ten books, of which the last eight survive, by the Roman historian Quintus Curtius Rufus, written in the 1st century AD, and based largely on Cleitarchus through the mediation of Timagenes, with some material probably from Ptolemy. His work is fluidly written, but reveals ignorance of geography, chronology and technical military knowledge, focusing instead on character. According to Jona Lendering: ..the real subject was not Alexander, but the tyranny of Tiberius and Caligula. (It can be shown that Curtius Rufus' description of the trial of Philotas is based on an incident during the reign of Tiberius)...Curtius copies Cleitarchus' mistakes, although he is not an uncritical imitator.
Justin
The Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius Trogus by Justin, is highly compressed version of an earlier history by Trogus, with the selections governed by Justin's desire to make moralistic points, rather than with an eye for the history itself
Dracula
发表于 2018-1-23 05:20:13
冰蚁 发表于 2018-1-23 00:43
据说,倪匡写了一亿字,唐家三少86个月写了2000多万字。
大仲马的著作有310卷,3000多万词,40年如一日,平均1个星期16000词。基督山伯爵,三个火枪手,二十年后,玛戈王后这四本每一本都有砖头那么厚的书,而且都算是名著,是他在1年半之内写完的。
豪哥豪哥
发表于 2018-1-23 06:45:25
猫元帅 发表于 2018-1-22 23:50
你能看出长征叙事的问题,是因为长征发生在20世纪,有无数的纪录存世。
而亚历山大东征,发生在公元前四 ...
长征中有好几个会议的日期和出席人员都有争议。
豪哥豪哥
发表于 2018-1-23 06:49:38
文科著作如果不涉及考证啥的可以写很多很多的。
比如写历史很费劲,但是写架空小说的速度可以非常惊人。
亚里士多德这样的哲学研究方法,加上希腊鼓励引导式的教学方式,简直是话痨的天堂。
猫元帅
发表于 2018-1-23 09:13:57
冰蚁 发表于 2018-1-22 22:33
第一,亚历山大没有征服一个又一个帝国,主要就是波斯帝国。这个是历史真实的。
第二,亚历山大在扫灭波 ...
并且,我这个帖子的标题是亚历山大东征实际可能是流寇。并没有否认亚历山大东征本身,只是质疑这个事情的记载吹牛比较多。但是后来慢慢变成了有没有东征这回事了。
没办法。谁让我是外行呢。
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