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本帖最后由 晨枫 于 2020-6-20 14:00 编辑 6 B0 s2 W7 i% b; D! ]( G3 x
% h, G; T1 V9 f( m军迷没有不想往西点军校的，但又很少不被美国各种军校（school）、军事学院（academy）和军事大学（college、university）弄糊涂的，更是有一些貌似民间的大学在里面参合。说起来，美国军事教育制度又完整，又混乱。一方面在很多地方领导世界军事教育，另一方面又由于历史积淀攒了很多陈腐的东西。这里理一理。
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/ {( h& a% I: ?3 Q# ]+ Z: H军种学院（Federal Service Academies），毕业生直接进入现役，美国海运学院除外：
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United States Military Academy（俗称西点军校，位于纽约州西点，里纽约市不远）" r n7 q$ ^& S: H* ^
United States Naval Academy（俗称安纳波利斯海军学院，位于马里兰州安纳波利斯）( ?$ h, ~/ x8 Y' _/ V6 P* \
United States Air Force Academy（一般就直译为美国空军学院，位于科罗拉多州科罗拉多泉）. y! p& ]5 ^1 {4 L5 r2 D/ ?0 q
United States Coast Guard Academy（美国海岸警卫队学院，位于康涅狄格州新伦敦）( _2 |$ L& S; e
United States Merchant Marine Academy（美国海运学院，院长是现已海军少将，毕业生从事航运业，但并非海军军官，位于纽约州金角）* Y4 n; I" e0 Y! V6 k: B
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高级军事学院（Senior Military Colleges），用于训练预备军官团，毕业生按需要成为现役，其余进入预备役：# m; r2 Y+ y& J4 b+ H" F7 L
: n. U1 a7 D, a L4 V0 ^0 k( Z4个也同时接受非ROTC的民间大学生，这里public指公立，不一定是对非军人开放
8 F! q: I6 M- kThe Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina (Charleston, South Carolina; four-year public college)6 N7 B" O9 e/ [3 G
Texas A&M University (College Station, Texas; four-year public university)
, Q" m+ S6 A/ bUniversity of North Georgia (Dahlonega, Georgia; four-year public university)3 H% e" ?7 F' B+ O5 O& ]- L8 |
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Blacksburg, Virginia; four-year public university)
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1个只收ROTC学生( G* K V9 W4 b) J9 I
Virginia Military Institute (Lexington, Virginia; four-year public college)，巴顿将军就是这里最出名的毕业生
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1个军民兼收的私立" H. Z0 Q' `; P4 t8 H
Norwich University (Northfield, Vermont; four-year private university)
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州立海运学院，毕业生不能自动获得海岸警卫队或者军事海运方面的职务，但是挂钩的：4 m7 [7 z6 {% p* F
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California State University Maritime Academy (part of the California State University system)
% w: S; G4 C) O. U: x% e4 hGreat Lakes Maritime Academy (a division of Northwestern Michigan College)
/ s P% \/ C3 r( ?8 MMaine Maritime Academy" n9 H$ I+ n$ ?3 a5 F, m! ]
Massachusetts Maritime Academy
) a9 C# n$ k( r$ H( J# O! i, `2 zState University of New York Maritime College (part of the State University of New York (SUNY) system)4 `; O$ ^. g, a2 [. q( Q
Texas A&M Maritime Academy (part of the Texas A&M University System)
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军事大专（Military Junior Colleges），这是很特别的东西，两年毕业，但必须自己另外读完民间大学的大三、大四才能或者完整ROTC资格：
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" c3 ?" W- |# A. I+ [; p8 FGeorgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia)6 i3 w. o/ I5 Q- N3 n
Marion Military Institute (Marion, Alabama)
* n, U6 c5 T% z8 |/ G7 k: VNew Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico)8 _, Y5 w% s/ ~3 M
Valley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)* K0 \1 M E) U
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还有一大堆军事高中，为进军校准备的，都是私立的：$ e, d$ T: s+ P3 }: ^1 M
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Admiral Farragut Academy (St. Petersburg, Florida; coeducational); l. u, H' F( @1 a, [
American Military Academy (Guaynabo, Puerto Rico; coeducational)
: s2 ]1 M2 A* @) U' X9 FArmy and Navy Academy (Carlsbad, California)6 g: L& ^# p7 ^1 ?! _( w
Benedictine College Preparatory (Richmond, Virginia)
- x/ \" Z; ^0 P1 l" Y& L" lCamden Military Academy (Camden, South Carolina)
6 ^5 K3 Y2 A9 V1 q* K& p0 K; i: vChristian Brothers Academy (Albany, New York) H1 n1 Q, j) S% K
Culver Military Academy (Culver, Indiana)3 \8 z1 F* r9 ]+ G) Q- k8 |7 ]# I0 B9 W
Fishburne Military School (Waynesboro, Virginia)- o% ~: p( w; r" i/ ]( Y
Florida Preparatory Academy (Melbourne, Florida; coeducational from 2005)
0 ^. {% P4 R4 {. O. o: s& SFork Union Military Academy (Fork Union, Virginia)
* J3 s2 g, d, h+ q' XHargrave Military Academy (Chatham, Virginia)" P' F. r9 s( l$ a3 \2 t
Howe Military School (Howe, Indiana; coeducational). G- X9 A$ G2 }: n
La Salle Institute (Troy, New York)
7 H. b) s3 M. i6 t' ~Leonard Hall Junior Naval Academy (Leonardtown, Maryland; coeducational)
, L0 c- ^8 }( OLyman Ward Military Academy (Camp Hill, Alabama)
- g2 \& a' A1 z- R% oMarine Military Academy (Harlingen, Texas)3 O t( Y* }* i% ]5 ^6 V
Massanutten Academy (Woodstock, Virginia; coeducational)9 y, O% i2 M X1 K4 q! ^
Missouri Military Academy (Mexico, Missouri)) Q9 K. w. c3 r$ Z# c* d
New York Military Academy (Cornwall on Hudson, New York; coeducational)5 S9 V1 I. T6 M, p
North Valley Military Institute (Sun Valley, California; coeducational)
) F2 Z4 I( @) L" i, xOak Ridge Military Academy (Oak Ridge, North Carolina; coeducational)) K9 r* T8 Z; g0 ~! z# s* T5 a* h
Randolph-Macon Academy (Front Royal, Virginia; coeducational)
4 z/ @& [8 ?* s+ NRiverside Military Academy (Gainesville, Georgia)- ]. x8 \8 ]1 \
San Marcos Baptist Academy (San Marcos, Texas)
- \9 I6 M8 t9 e. ~% Y$ TSaint Thomas Academy (Mendota Heights, Minnesota)
1 ~3 F, M! Z3 W1 `+ J. q! w& uSt. Catherine's Academy (Anaheim, California; Kindergarten - 8th Grade; all boys)
: p& `9 y0 ^8 S. u4 Z" k! Y# x; T! wSt. John's College High School (Washington, DC; first JROTC school in the USA; coeducational), K8 @6 i* k2 P. C" d; W' U
St. John's Military School (Salina, Kansas)
4 [& f8 b' L* P1 CSt. John's Northwestern Military Academy (Delafield, Wisconsin)3 N# r$ K2 R b
Southeastern Military Academy (Port St. Lucie, Florida)) Z; X5 J) n1 i) ?
TMI — The Episcopal School of Texas (San Antonio, Texas[2]
) q( d$ g0 R* ]9 A& W" zValley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)" d+ [. g# [$ C/ r8 X
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更有一大堆公立高中有国防部部份资助的JROTC（青少年ROTC）项目，在高中期间就接受一定的军事训练，为以后参军做准备：8 X( q& }5 P( T9 z1 _
: p3 h, p, W `$ P" s7 wAir Force Academy High School (Chicago, Illinois)2 m* \! {( R. j7 `9 B5 I
Bridgeport Military Academy First Responders (Bridgeport, Connecticut)
2 P4 p+ i# |. e9 f% zCarver Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)8 r- C; Y& F2 V# {+ B
Chicago Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
. s; d$ u: q; m$ mCleveland Junior Naval Academy (St. Louis, Missouri)4 [3 m2 J' _' g% ^1 h: c8 L
Delaware Military Academy (Wilmington, Delaware)
' f& }. ^* I$ _4 \ ^, j6 F6 E wFirst State Military Academy (Smyrna, Delaware)) T% q2 Z8 S5 w7 x/ _
Franklin Military Academy (Richmond, Virginia; the country’s first secondary military academy)[3]# l! V6 @% n6 w) W& K5 Z
Georgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia; coeducational, public but not part of University System of Georgia)/ O; l* l0 y9 v$ G/ e
Hollywood Hills Military Academy (Hollywood, Florida)
# X$ o; H9 r0 \Kenosha Military Academy (Wisconsin)[3]
. M& Z+ R* D/ P# d# F5 QMarine Academy of Science and Technology (Sandy Hook, New Jersey)
' L4 j# v. n$ Y1 B& D# vMarine Math and Science Academy (Chicago, Illinois)$ m$ k6 s0 B8 P$ Z) F3 e
New Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico; coeducational)
0 z! Q0 p, n/ r, c5 T7 e7 hNew Orleans Military and Maritime Academy (New Orleans, Louisiana)+ W- `$ I3 j3 s& c1 k) `- P& X
Oakland Military Institute (Oakland, California)! {) z' f- e! a. K& d, `' w7 f, j
Philadelphia Military Academy[3]! O+ N- i4 @' F6 A( \7 u) M
Phoenix Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
2 A8 _) z* w& r+ V+ H$ Q+ YRickover Naval Academy (Chicago, Illinois), D5 {4 `$ o, p& L( e
Sarasota Military Academy (Sarasota, Florida)& {7 S2 h4 M% a: J% Q* x1 C
Summerlin Military Academy (Bartow, Florida)
+ E9 x6 B! Y2 ?Utah Military Academy (Riverdale, Utah): f+ u4 K) _: d) Y! j) o
5 |4 _1 h9 A- T/ K在另一头，则是各军种的研究生院：
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4 C5 s6 K" x; t0 w* R; H, nUnited States Army Command and General Staff College (Fort Leavenworth, Kansas)，陆军中级军官学校，下设School for Command Preparation，School of Advanced Military Studies，Command and General Staff School，School for Advanced Leadership and Tactics，郝柏村是这里毕业的
W3 `% Z. A. G0 Q! O0 u- z% eUnited States Army War College (Carlisle, Pennsylvania)，陆军高级军官学校，招收有希望晋升将官的中校和上校, x% o# P$ N; q/ w" j4 F! ~
United States Army Warrant Officer Career College (Fort Rucker, Alabama)
& y4 T' U) }: g; [: Y& `7 ENaval War College (Newport, Rhode Island)，海军中高级军官学校，偏重指挥，下设College of Naval Warfare，Maritime Advanced Warfighting School，College of Naval Command and Staff1 o) U, b* t" m& j& l
Naval Postgraduate School (Monterey, California)，更加偏重科技方面& C1 g- _( Y V, Z6 H# Z
Marine Corps University (Quantico, Virginia)
6 I5 _1 u3 i) A# l& J5 j7 s) |- B% LAir University (Montgomery, Alabama)，空军中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Air War College，空军高级军官学校；School of Advanced Air and Space Studies，空天战争的研究生院；Air Command and Staff College，空军中级军官学校；Squadron Officer School，中队长学校；Air Force Institute of Technology (Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio)，偏重科技* |2 S+ s! h- u% r
National Defense University (Washington, D.C.)，三军联合，下设National War College，联合作战高级军官学校；Industrial College of the Armed Forces，偏重军工管理；Joint Forces Staff College (Norfolk, Virginia)，联合作战中级军官学校
2 e, N1 {% H- D1 N3 B* OMarine Corps University (Quantico, VA)，陆战队中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Marine Corps War College，陆战队高级军官学校；School of Advanced Warfighting，陆战队的战术研究生班；Marine Corps Command and Staff College，陆战队中级军官学校；Expeditionary Warfare School，陆战队上尉军官的战术进修学校
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9 P% {6 h- ^; u各种专门学校（如步兵学校、装甲兵学校、游骑兵学校、伞兵学校、……）就数不胜数了，也经常在变动中。, @* T4 z3 r7 ]- }/ L5 h2 _* x
1 Q/ U$ f3 \2 x/ e% C/ ]$ u1 C绕晕了吗？我也是。 |
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发表于 2020-6-21 12:06:24
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