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本帖最后由 晨枫 于 2020-6-20 14:00 编辑 + G& ?; `3 e$ h$ h- s5 e
3 j3 i1 T) M7 n3 k/ J# v军迷没有不想往西点军校的，但又很少不被美国各种军校（school）、军事学院（academy）和军事大学（college、university）弄糊涂的，更是有一些貌似民间的大学在里面参合。说起来，美国军事教育制度又完整，又混乱。一方面在很多地方领导世界军事教育，另一方面又由于历史积淀攒了很多陈腐的东西。这里理一理。' o- L; \9 @5 S8 f8 X$ N: g
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军种学院（Federal Service Academies），毕业生直接进入现役，美国海运学院除外：
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9 x$ B, [$ {6 W6 o; z& a# UUnited States Military Academy（俗称西点军校，位于纽约州西点，里纽约市不远）
8 x$ t( w6 I4 [! f2 YUnited States Naval Academy（俗称安纳波利斯海军学院，位于马里兰州安纳波利斯）
) B. g$ E$ W1 A" w* VUnited States Air Force Academy（一般就直译为美国空军学院，位于科罗拉多州科罗拉多泉）
7 A; @. Z/ {1 t# p9 zUnited States Coast Guard Academy（美国海岸警卫队学院，位于康涅狄格州新伦敦）& ?) n5 Z6 @( s0 ~) D- R
United States Merchant Marine Academy（美国海运学院，院长是现已海军少将，毕业生从事航运业，但并非海军军官，位于纽约州金角）" f! d' M* y- c1 T( w% s; u" `% e+ Y/ O
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高级军事学院（Senior Military Colleges），用于训练预备军官团，毕业生按需要成为现役，其余进入预备役：
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- `5 T- o6 R6 G8 r8 ]: U% G, V4个也同时接受非ROTC的民间大学生，这里public指公立，不一定是对非军人开放+ K4 n" E _) y* h
The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina (Charleston, South Carolina; four-year public college)+ W( v' Z: U$ q: ^9 Q# \7 r
Texas A&M University (College Station, Texas; four-year public university), W: _% c. ~6 y6 k0 g
University of North Georgia (Dahlonega, Georgia; four-year public university)
! n$ o4 ~% @+ x$ p! r0 RVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Blacksburg, Virginia; four-year public university)
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6 ~6 r9 I2 a4 P! v/ {1个只收ROTC学生4 B5 s$ W' P F K" N/ q4 J$ L
Virginia Military Institute (Lexington, Virginia; four-year public college)，巴顿将军就是这里最出名的毕业生3 C2 z! ?% B/ p$ W# q8 p' b
$ y) W6 b6 Z2 _/ m6 i% F& T1个军民兼收的私立) T: F; o. k& B
Norwich University (Northfield, Vermont; four-year private university)
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州立海运学院，毕业生不能自动获得海岸警卫队或者军事海运方面的职务，但是挂钩的：
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California State University Maritime Academy (part of the California State University system)6 B: x$ {; q3 r6 Y
Great Lakes Maritime Academy (a division of Northwestern Michigan College)
4 K6 N7 u, X/ L% ~, l2 gMaine Maritime Academy L; r1 d* P- G
Massachusetts Maritime Academy
8 M; {% T0 z. P9 OState University of New York Maritime College (part of the State University of New York (SUNY) system)4 ~, D4 }2 A) n4 O/ J5 f; E
Texas A&M Maritime Academy (part of the Texas A&M University System)" Q c$ ]# o. S7 y9 O5 E
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军事大专（Military Junior Colleges），这是很特别的东西，两年毕业，但必须自己另外读完民间大学的大三、大四才能或者完整ROTC资格：$ G" Q* j1 F2 F3 p7 ^: I% a
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Georgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia)9 {0 g+ B! a0 f& j5 t. c
Marion Military Institute (Marion, Alabama)
V1 U. o5 y" ~* m: Z7 }New Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico)
$ A) Z' u, ~' }$ x1 O) d9 T6 v. @Valley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)/ x; @4 p& a8 b. ]4 O
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还有一大堆军事高中，为进军校准备的，都是私立的： M" Y, G" [2 q
w% w! x2 g6 w, z; r6 |7 ?- z% u# sAdmiral Farragut Academy (St. Petersburg, Florida; coeducational)
5 W0 ^ m5 t7 W: X3 B' ^8 mAmerican Military Academy (Guaynabo, Puerto Rico; coeducational). i# [9 G8 }% F
Army and Navy Academy (Carlsbad, California)
% q: G! L& {, e. eBenedictine College Preparatory (Richmond, Virginia)
6 H1 w$ n8 r$ |: }) xCamden Military Academy (Camden, South Carolina) l3 p, L4 Z1 j+ d
Christian Brothers Academy (Albany, New York)
8 p5 V8 _; j( x0 }Culver Military Academy (Culver, Indiana)
& `+ Y4 O0 G- W3 r' OFishburne Military School (Waynesboro, Virginia)# r' }+ X, P0 D- @/ `0 [! F" E
Florida Preparatory Academy (Melbourne, Florida; coeducational from 2005)
* \1 g& N' `0 ~Fork Union Military Academy (Fork Union, Virginia)% n0 a' |# |+ }) e! x
Hargrave Military Academy (Chatham, Virginia)
. r# T- p0 m$ ?' hHowe Military School (Howe, Indiana; coeducational)0 ~+ |! q5 }& o% M9 @! B1 A% Y
La Salle Institute (Troy, New York)
r0 |" _/ n% `! M6 C7 A9 `Leonard Hall Junior Naval Academy (Leonardtown, Maryland; coeducational)
8 p' c% X/ y* |7 GLyman Ward Military Academy (Camp Hill, Alabama)% G0 l5 T* D; e
Marine Military Academy (Harlingen, Texas)
7 I$ J2 h( i" k+ R, NMassanutten Academy (Woodstock, Virginia; coeducational); h4 ]& ~$ f0 q
Missouri Military Academy (Mexico, Missouri)8 }3 c3 u. M0 q+ ?2 f2 P
New York Military Academy (Cornwall on Hudson, New York; coeducational)! q7 |6 A5 `! l/ n3 t5 j- i6 A
North Valley Military Institute (Sun Valley, California; coeducational)
3 z- P4 V$ R3 L% KOak Ridge Military Academy (Oak Ridge, North Carolina; coeducational)/ k: W; q, K2 Q/ l( ]6 O3 b
Randolph-Macon Academy (Front Royal, Virginia; coeducational)9 D' U& p# A/ ` Q! g
Riverside Military Academy (Gainesville, Georgia)1 I9 H! X7 T) n9 L! M
San Marcos Baptist Academy (San Marcos, Texas)
3 P6 L7 w- P/ CSaint Thomas Academy (Mendota Heights, Minnesota)
- v$ T! q/ T" a! v9 uSt. Catherine's Academy (Anaheim, California; Kindergarten - 8th Grade; all boys)
5 _7 K g0 k, @- ]& `: c, CSt. John's College High School (Washington, DC; first JROTC school in the USA; coeducational)/ M8 ^9 H. i& \) C$ J& v
St. John's Military School (Salina, Kansas)- a+ ~5 G+ f( G! t5 a4 I" {- ]) o
St. John's Northwestern Military Academy (Delafield, Wisconsin)4 S$ o+ h6 V* w
Southeastern Military Academy (Port St. Lucie, Florida)% T# [5 {& B! x9 `- v3 O
TMI — The Episcopal School of Texas (San Antonio, Texas[2]$ [6 p. l. w5 q
Valley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)2 K2 g; x l4 j/ J
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更有一大堆公立高中有国防部部份资助的JROTC（青少年ROTC）项目，在高中期间就接受一定的军事训练，为以后参军做准备：8 m( X8 y2 W9 s5 Z4 g$ Q. I1 F2 @
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Air Force Academy High School (Chicago, Illinois), A& L+ n! B/ Y1 D" |+ o
Bridgeport Military Academy First Responders (Bridgeport, Connecticut)4 B7 k8 e6 j" \% }& @
Carver Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)( x( u+ ^0 u; s/ A. t
Chicago Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)' r' q6 ~/ k u) t: `( y8 X/ l
Cleveland Junior Naval Academy (St. Louis, Missouri); \1 m' b" Q" C" X: W% m
Delaware Military Academy (Wilmington, Delaware)0 k0 U3 b. G1 K
First State Military Academy (Smyrna, Delaware)8 {7 z0 S9 U3 Z# [7 P1 P
Franklin Military Academy (Richmond, Virginia; the country’s first secondary military academy)[3]
% }8 ]0 g2 T8 T; n! UGeorgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia; coeducational, public but not part of University System of Georgia)
+ m$ o6 @& N9 N E8 ~( V a. @Hollywood Hills Military Academy (Hollywood, Florida)
* D4 l* {4 v: w1 uKenosha Military Academy (Wisconsin)[3]0 W3 T/ a, ]9 y
Marine Academy of Science and Technology (Sandy Hook, New Jersey)$ e9 P. K8 d8 N: i8 m) `/ V
Marine Math and Science Academy (Chicago, Illinois); d5 Z0 w9 S4 n w
New Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico; coeducational)
8 f3 A m j1 N; nNew Orleans Military and Maritime Academy (New Orleans, Louisiana); l7 D0 i% m- c3 b- }/ S5 c
Oakland Military Institute (Oakland, California)# |: q4 M [: n! j" E j
Philadelphia Military Academy[3]
) [ t8 K& `, Z: p0 Y9 xPhoenix Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
( q7 ^* t0 D k2 N: I, e$ J( ]& uRickover Naval Academy (Chicago, Illinois)( T8 D5 r( \, ^$ L9 ~: Y
Sarasota Military Academy (Sarasota, Florida)& o4 {# e' ^; o+ _! `2 X
Summerlin Military Academy (Bartow, Florida)9 _7 l7 W6 k" R5 a8 o* n
Utah Military Academy (Riverdale, Utah)
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在另一头，则是各军种的研究生院：" ]' B6 w" v# \9 _3 Y1 y
( K2 p x, I1 @2 G7 GUnited States Army Command and General Staff College (Fort Leavenworth, Kansas)，陆军中级军官学校，下设School for Command Preparation，School of Advanced Military Studies，Command and General Staff School，School for Advanced Leadership and Tactics，郝柏村是这里毕业的4 |: k3 ]$ o, r
United States Army War College (Carlisle, Pennsylvania)，陆军高级军官学校，招收有希望晋升将官的中校和上校7 U6 b" z; V- L/ l4 ~" |
United States Army Warrant Officer Career College (Fort Rucker, Alabama)! \/ P1 l5 v f9 C1 Q5 c5 g- d
Naval War College (Newport, Rhode Island)，海军中高级军官学校，偏重指挥，下设College of Naval Warfare，Maritime Advanced Warfighting School，College of Naval Command and Staff
' t( k7 |# \0 d. z& sNaval Postgraduate School (Monterey, California)，更加偏重科技方面" [8 b$ i7 |; C6 K3 }$ X4 Q
Marine Corps University (Quantico, Virginia)) u, j4 X2 P! }0 J- l8 V9 F+ ]
Air University (Montgomery, Alabama)，空军中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Air War College，空军高级军官学校；School of Advanced Air and Space Studies，空天战争的研究生院；Air Command and Staff College，空军中级军官学校；Squadron Officer School，中队长学校；Air Force Institute of Technology (Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio)，偏重科技
5 r2 o" L/ G/ `% u. J& ZNational Defense University (Washington, D.C.)，三军联合，下设National War College，联合作战高级军官学校；Industrial College of the Armed Forces，偏重军工管理；Joint Forces Staff College (Norfolk, Virginia)，联合作战中级军官学校
( w8 H: `" l9 q* Z. |2 vMarine Corps University (Quantico, VA)，陆战队中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Marine Corps War College，陆战队高级军官学校；School of Advanced Warfighting，陆战队的战术研究生班；Marine Corps Command and Staff College，陆战队中级军官学校；Expeditionary Warfare School，陆战队上尉军官的战术进修学校) e8 @. X" A# e' C
5 ~5 Q; B2 u( @- c1 u& ?/ B' d各种专门学校（如步兵学校、装甲兵学校、游骑兵学校、伞兵学校、……）就数不胜数了，也经常在变动中。2 B1 [% |: M9 Q& \& A5 ^
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绕晕了吗？我也是。 |
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发表于 2020-6-21 12:06:24
