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本帖最后由 晨枫 于 2020-6-20 14:00 编辑
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6 d- o( n7 K2 B' |军迷没有不想往西点军校的，但又很少不被美国各种军校（school）、军事学院（academy）和军事大学（college、university）弄糊涂的，更是有一些貌似民间的大学在里面参合。说起来，美国军事教育制度又完整，又混乱。一方面在很多地方领导世界军事教育，另一方面又由于历史积淀攒了很多陈腐的东西。这里理一理。) `6 s% W; O, ?
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军种学院（Federal Service Academies），毕业生直接进入现役，美国海运学院除外：
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United States Military Academy（俗称西点军校，位于纽约州西点，里纽约市不远）/ a X. Y3 H3 O( \+ d* e. f
United States Naval Academy（俗称安纳波利斯海军学院，位于马里兰州安纳波利斯）* q* f- R# [" s) r
United States Air Force Academy（一般就直译为美国空军学院，位于科罗拉多州科罗拉多泉）
3 [! }2 i$ a- L- SUnited States Coast Guard Academy（美国海岸警卫队学院，位于康涅狄格州新伦敦）
2 v5 H) Q- r8 M5 @2 zUnited States Merchant Marine Academy（美国海运学院，院长是现已海军少将，毕业生从事航运业，但并非海军军官，位于纽约州金角）
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高级军事学院（Senior Military Colleges），用于训练预备军官团，毕业生按需要成为现役，其余进入预备役：
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) a8 A# u* T6 [5 Q9 r( E4 C4个也同时接受非ROTC的民间大学生，这里public指公立，不一定是对非军人开放" A, l$ |) V& e4 l
The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina (Charleston, South Carolina; four-year public college)( b4 \4 r% M& b9 _! k# I: L
Texas A&M University (College Station, Texas; four-year public university)+ J( b1 l% p2 o" ^8 ] G
University of North Georgia (Dahlonega, Georgia; four-year public university)% ~! H' ?3 Y. o
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Blacksburg, Virginia; four-year public university)
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" `% x1 o1 p" R e/ S; H1个只收ROTC学生 B3 z+ I) O" X1 k& C. D- V4 n
Virginia Military Institute (Lexington, Virginia; four-year public college)，巴顿将军就是这里最出名的毕业生
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1个军民兼收的私立0 g$ q% O2 v9 b& t1 f( A. }4 D' j- g
Norwich University (Northfield, Vermont; four-year private university)" Q; y3 N- ~5 X
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州立海运学院，毕业生不能自动获得海岸警卫队或者军事海运方面的职务，但是挂钩的：
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& `. F$ V0 c* yCalifornia State University Maritime Academy (part of the California State University system)" ?! u* _* @- \
Great Lakes Maritime Academy (a division of Northwestern Michigan College)% V& J9 g5 Y# m( @/ n' T) f
Maine Maritime Academy0 j8 x ]" @* K% }& j
Massachusetts Maritime Academy
- {) b+ i k5 @: i! ?- }6 M3 v/ P4 PState University of New York Maritime College (part of the State University of New York (SUNY) system)9 c% {9 ^! G2 h
Texas A&M Maritime Academy (part of the Texas A&M University System); \* _8 B# H' L7 B
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军事大专（Military Junior Colleges），这是很特别的东西，两年毕业，但必须自己另外读完民间大学的大三、大四才能或者完整ROTC资格：9 G- u- U- j) X% N) ]
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Georgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia)6 e2 o D; B* A
Marion Military Institute (Marion, Alabama)2 c: ?6 a g+ K6 u) I1 w
New Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico)& C! ?* _+ k7 M/ l
Valley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)
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2 E2 t* S, f$ Z* w$ i还有一大堆军事高中，为进军校准备的，都是私立的：
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Admiral Farragut Academy (St. Petersburg, Florida; coeducational)
2 Z4 G% C+ j% h' L" q. A# eAmerican Military Academy (Guaynabo, Puerto Rico; coeducational)
: }) j( I- F: eArmy and Navy Academy (Carlsbad, California)
- y0 g5 d3 f1 x% X4 u; f; rBenedictine College Preparatory (Richmond, Virginia)! u8 W: x6 \8 c0 M( g
Camden Military Academy (Camden, South Carolina)
' Q( }( i) P& nChristian Brothers Academy (Albany, New York)
7 R; {# V9 L2 q! k& eCulver Military Academy (Culver, Indiana)
. R$ _8 b' a0 V/ YFishburne Military School (Waynesboro, Virginia)" a: p, d# b* s. Q4 k; h; `" P
Florida Preparatory Academy (Melbourne, Florida; coeducational from 2005)! d% s: }+ n9 A
Fork Union Military Academy (Fork Union, Virginia); |; |5 z; X! m) G/ e0 ]4 N! `
Hargrave Military Academy (Chatham, Virginia)
2 d( I5 b# @3 ]Howe Military School (Howe, Indiana; coeducational)# U* s6 N! p, M" Y W$ l6 J t7 n
La Salle Institute (Troy, New York)
# x2 O/ ~% W6 NLeonard Hall Junior Naval Academy (Leonardtown, Maryland; coeducational): n4 k& u; {8 L8 Y6 o# I f# L$ `
Lyman Ward Military Academy (Camp Hill, Alabama)
1 n8 D+ i9 _5 dMarine Military Academy (Harlingen, Texas)
9 Y/ @' x% j" T1 E' o- s, bMassanutten Academy (Woodstock, Virginia; coeducational)6 g0 G" Q" @# F
Missouri Military Academy (Mexico, Missouri)
' p, _7 _ o9 @' o y4 ]; K1 INew York Military Academy (Cornwall on Hudson, New York; coeducational)
% J" Q, w# [3 X: ^6 ~6 t, bNorth Valley Military Institute (Sun Valley, California; coeducational)0 q$ w9 M9 F3 R8 ~
Oak Ridge Military Academy (Oak Ridge, North Carolina; coeducational)2 U' y" Q$ s- S- x
Randolph-Macon Academy (Front Royal, Virginia; coeducational)
9 {0 C4 `3 [( t+ o7 ^4 sRiverside Military Academy (Gainesville, Georgia)
x# m" N2 F' n+ y4 ESan Marcos Baptist Academy (San Marcos, Texas)/ K5 U1 l8 {/ t
Saint Thomas Academy (Mendota Heights, Minnesota)
9 y4 y# n6 t" I7 V2 n0 @St. Catherine's Academy (Anaheim, California; Kindergarten - 8th Grade; all boys)* ]' y/ {( l: o+ H* S8 @
St. John's College High School (Washington, DC; first JROTC school in the USA; coeducational)3 n/ s+ v/ W2 _; B5 z+ [- ~+ y# ?
St. John's Military School (Salina, Kansas)
1 l7 @& F$ L1 M% @/ N8 _St. John's Northwestern Military Academy (Delafield, Wisconsin)) M. _% h7 B+ [1 m
Southeastern Military Academy (Port St. Lucie, Florida)
/ ~) ?9 ^& R+ n1 D3 pTMI — The Episcopal School of Texas (San Antonio, Texas[2]& k1 c* B5 P s) q- l
Valley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)3 x; J7 q# V+ s9 N
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更有一大堆公立高中有国防部部份资助的JROTC（青少年ROTC）项目，在高中期间就接受一定的军事训练，为以后参军做准备：3 M; A0 ]5 R* h5 A# f" s3 q; T
! y$ v! q% s E) H) uAir Force Academy High School (Chicago, Illinois)
7 `; x; y% _7 P( V1 FBridgeport Military Academy First Responders (Bridgeport, Connecticut)& {' k8 f9 K3 Y5 v) K5 e
Carver Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)! ?6 V9 C9 @- F5 P
Chicago Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)8 I8 a/ T0 m$ m. b' w" V9 d) W9 o
Cleveland Junior Naval Academy (St. Louis, Missouri)+ ~8 O! h/ Q; v7 W/ Y; z
Delaware Military Academy (Wilmington, Delaware)
1 h4 J! O: }8 YFirst State Military Academy (Smyrna, Delaware)
! ` S2 y' T! R( P9 YFranklin Military Academy (Richmond, Virginia; the country’s first secondary military academy)[3]
( a, y; [! V' ]% [" s0 }Georgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia; coeducational, public but not part of University System of Georgia)% ~+ ?' B& u8 @. a n: Z4 M
Hollywood Hills Military Academy (Hollywood, Florida)" U2 ]' t8 A+ `$ b8 s1 Z
Kenosha Military Academy (Wisconsin)[3]: g; Y9 u* g3 i
Marine Academy of Science and Technology (Sandy Hook, New Jersey)0 M" Y3 o5 g- a+ @% ?
Marine Math and Science Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
/ S x3 F2 g( X- oNew Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico; coeducational)1 W. [$ f: h! B* E+ ]
New Orleans Military and Maritime Academy (New Orleans, Louisiana)! W/ [* m1 `: ~7 W3 N* U0 ~. n% e
Oakland Military Institute (Oakland, California)( Y4 B6 a4 v Q* @
Philadelphia Military Academy[3]/ o: b! k! j7 }, w
Phoenix Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)8 ^1 I* E0 D4 H% K' s1 e2 \1 j$ `
Rickover Naval Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
# Q3 ?6 `$ P% Y0 K9 M% ySarasota Military Academy (Sarasota, Florida)
% X0 s+ V! F' FSummerlin Military Academy (Bartow, Florida)# X Z5 x6 u( ]/ G" F
Utah Military Academy (Riverdale, Utah)
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* R! H( ^8 m5 o在另一头，则是各军种的研究生院：
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United States Army Command and General Staff College (Fort Leavenworth, Kansas)，陆军中级军官学校，下设School for Command Preparation，School of Advanced Military Studies，Command and General Staff School，School for Advanced Leadership and Tactics，郝柏村是这里毕业的. n4 @; I) U, N2 W r2 r' l. [' b! x, @
United States Army War College (Carlisle, Pennsylvania)，陆军高级军官学校，招收有希望晋升将官的中校和上校) I7 U4 A) Y$ s7 K. L$ X+ k% g1 r
United States Army Warrant Officer Career College (Fort Rucker, Alabama)4 P, T2 m5 y- A; X
Naval War College (Newport, Rhode Island)，海军中高级军官学校，偏重指挥，下设College of Naval Warfare，Maritime Advanced Warfighting School，College of Naval Command and Staff* a) Y. n: z4 ?- k' `6 }/ {" A) T
Naval Postgraduate School (Monterey, California)，更加偏重科技方面2 v# Q$ ^ \! n& E
Marine Corps University (Quantico, Virginia)7 H1 ~/ \2 Y$ K1 F5 Z
Air University (Montgomery, Alabama)，空军中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Air War College，空军高级军官学校；School of Advanced Air and Space Studies，空天战争的研究生院；Air Command and Staff College，空军中级军官学校；Squadron Officer School，中队长学校；Air Force Institute of Technology (Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio)，偏重科技* G" X, P2 d7 @3 u" Z, }
National Defense University (Washington, D.C.)，三军联合，下设National War College，联合作战高级军官学校；Industrial College of the Armed Forces，偏重军工管理；Joint Forces Staff College (Norfolk, Virginia)，联合作战中级军官学校/ A- b. X1 p+ d, H' Y
Marine Corps University (Quantico, VA)，陆战队中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Marine Corps War College，陆战队高级军官学校；School of Advanced Warfighting，陆战队的战术研究生班；Marine Corps Command and Staff College，陆战队中级军官学校；Expeditionary Warfare School，陆战队上尉军官的战术进修学校
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各种专门学校（如步兵学校、装甲兵学校、游骑兵学校、伞兵学校、……）就数不胜数了，也经常在变动中。
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1 V) K! N" B5 g: b+ {) U6 ]绕晕了吗？我也是。 |
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发表于 2020-6-21 12:06:24
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