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本帖最后由 晨枫 于 2020-6-20 14:00 编辑
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, E% H. D0 X5 L# }4 h6 r/ n军迷没有不想往西点军校的，但又很少不被美国各种军校（school）、军事学院（academy）和军事大学（college、university）弄糊涂的，更是有一些貌似民间的大学在里面参合。说起来，美国军事教育制度又完整，又混乱。一方面在很多地方领导世界军事教育，另一方面又由于历史积淀攒了很多陈腐的东西。这里理一理。, l6 l8 q- f4 F$ |0 e& K: `
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军种学院（Federal Service Academies），毕业生直接进入现役，美国海运学院除外：* \: H; Z! z; J3 i# @+ y9 ?
9 V4 @ W& T! y3 ?+ F5 U( p0 xUnited States Military Academy（俗称西点军校，位于纽约州西点，里纽约市不远）
# ~4 X7 r f2 E# xUnited States Naval Academy（俗称安纳波利斯海军学院，位于马里兰州安纳波利斯）. B8 J2 D0 C# ]4 ?5 M' D
United States Air Force Academy（一般就直译为美国空军学院，位于科罗拉多州科罗拉多泉）
7 K- K+ C4 {! T& ~9 C4 _1 G% qUnited States Coast Guard Academy（美国海岸警卫队学院，位于康涅狄格州新伦敦）$ t$ c H) q4 d I" c6 n& \4 ?
United States Merchant Marine Academy（美国海运学院，院长是现已海军少将，毕业生从事航运业，但并非海军军官，位于纽约州金角）
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! U6 F5 d* W s k- A7 X& t3 J+ }高级军事学院（Senior Military Colleges），用于训练预备军官团，毕业生按需要成为现役，其余进入预备役：
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4个也同时接受非ROTC的民间大学生，这里public指公立，不一定是对非军人开放
+ a3 H$ X5 P/ i& |The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina (Charleston, South Carolina; four-year public college)" P/ u" U, k) B1 Q
Texas A&M University (College Station, Texas; four-year public university)8 x; O* c. a$ t& F9 v0 K5 U+ ^/ Z
University of North Georgia (Dahlonega, Georgia; four-year public university)
5 `# L" L; h- O3 X+ Y- w; OVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Blacksburg, Virginia; four-year public university)
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1 d5 t; |* p4 b* D1个只收ROTC学生
3 K: w9 ]6 U* CVirginia Military Institute (Lexington, Virginia; four-year public college)，巴顿将军就是这里最出名的毕业生6 F. F Z) w- E3 @( I
& k L' I) Z( o, f1个军民兼收的私立+ ~2 m9 P( q) H g" H- Y4 w; T
Norwich University (Northfield, Vermont; four-year private university), v ] q, k9 E8 [% Z4 E6 y7 e; G
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州立海运学院，毕业生不能自动获得海岸警卫队或者军事海运方面的职务，但是挂钩的：1 D. i* K+ A/ K# s' _
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California State University Maritime Academy (part of the California State University system)
4 W8 o8 a9 q! [0 E0 J! ?Great Lakes Maritime Academy (a division of Northwestern Michigan College)
+ z5 D6 a1 U0 c. l: {Maine Maritime Academy
; A9 G* l# O! s( LMassachusetts Maritime Academy! `+ H1 l: F( n7 _ @( M8 N
State University of New York Maritime College (part of the State University of New York (SUNY) system)
6 \- J: B2 l: Y# kTexas A&M Maritime Academy (part of the Texas A&M University System)6 Y, u6 w) x: m1 T
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军事大专（Military Junior Colleges），这是很特别的东西，两年毕业，但必须自己另外读完民间大学的大三、大四才能或者完整ROTC资格：
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6 c; G3 D2 p9 r }; s* dGeorgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia)9 E& j# E8 l8 J' s
Marion Military Institute (Marion, Alabama)
- P4 \. W) d0 [8 nNew Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico)
9 ]0 P4 h; ]. ZValley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania), j2 }4 K7 u/ s' g5 L6 g; x! z* Q
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还有一大堆军事高中，为进军校准备的，都是私立的：3 r4 D: z8 l$ P( S; |- r l# N
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Admiral Farragut Academy (St. Petersburg, Florida; coeducational)
6 B/ ?* [. W! ]7 K9 BAmerican Military Academy (Guaynabo, Puerto Rico; coeducational), s- d7 G+ \/ h
Army and Navy Academy (Carlsbad, California)2 i6 [$ u# `, O
Benedictine College Preparatory (Richmond, Virginia)6 X+ n" R% G5 N, K2 L1 S' _! n
Camden Military Academy (Camden, South Carolina)) `/ K' x5 p+ {
Christian Brothers Academy (Albany, New York)
7 D) H X2 W# B0 L% q6 K$ e) oCulver Military Academy (Culver, Indiana)
; Q# _+ ?1 B L! g9 g1 FFishburne Military School (Waynesboro, Virginia)
) M3 F7 v$ \, WFlorida Preparatory Academy (Melbourne, Florida; coeducational from 2005)
4 z! w( s$ o. k W6 CFork Union Military Academy (Fork Union, Virginia)& z$ O' }/ s) E" L; w2 r
Hargrave Military Academy (Chatham, Virginia)1 W% E( a0 a; n. R+ l
Howe Military School (Howe, Indiana; coeducational)
6 e. e8 X, `# Y5 H$ @La Salle Institute (Troy, New York)
/ e( f$ n! P+ c( s; T) U. rLeonard Hall Junior Naval Academy (Leonardtown, Maryland; coeducational)
; N4 z- }/ l! g8 g( D# KLyman Ward Military Academy (Camp Hill, Alabama)
" y" {, L. h @/ j' y% gMarine Military Academy (Harlingen, Texas)* i1 A! [6 y: F. z* X M: A9 d$ F* L; W7 y
Massanutten Academy (Woodstock, Virginia; coeducational)' {* C8 h. Z' F+ C: g7 Q
Missouri Military Academy (Mexico, Missouri)5 n" O. z% o9 k3 J* r: B& R) w2 W
New York Military Academy (Cornwall on Hudson, New York; coeducational)
/ |/ h1 p; H$ G- G- Y# HNorth Valley Military Institute (Sun Valley, California; coeducational): \+ _- _9 E/ c4 V6 `
Oak Ridge Military Academy (Oak Ridge, North Carolina; coeducational)4 m, J) K0 l& p9 x7 _: z
Randolph-Macon Academy (Front Royal, Virginia; coeducational)# b3 a1 a6 V, U' F! P
Riverside Military Academy (Gainesville, Georgia): i3 ~1 E [$ U
San Marcos Baptist Academy (San Marcos, Texas)
8 B' h0 I W2 f$ d+ V! f8 ?+ pSaint Thomas Academy (Mendota Heights, Minnesota) {7 J" R# ~! h! _
St. Catherine's Academy (Anaheim, California; Kindergarten - 8th Grade; all boys)( R% `3 I2 G4 v. M+ o
St. John's College High School (Washington, DC; first JROTC school in the USA; coeducational); \$ W7 Y5 u( m$ \) l7 B$ H& f( l
St. John's Military School (Salina, Kansas)
5 u& [; }0 @+ T {! ^- O7 jSt. John's Northwestern Military Academy (Delafield, Wisconsin)
) m9 a9 a- p# ESoutheastern Military Academy (Port St. Lucie, Florida)) E `1 w6 m5 w8 A* A: H
TMI — The Episcopal School of Texas (San Antonio, Texas[2]
+ v5 M3 Z4 c# S$ ~2 d- i- OValley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)
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. L; j( |- v, ^* |3 n更有一大堆公立高中有国防部部份资助的JROTC（青少年ROTC）项目，在高中期间就接受一定的军事训练，为以后参军做准备：$ N$ @9 n8 J3 r6 _3 x. Z; m
* U7 c0 j) |; V! R* rAir Force Academy High School (Chicago, Illinois)
. d5 M( J" N* f' O) f% s% TBridgeport Military Academy First Responders (Bridgeport, Connecticut)
7 G( ?, W) B# | N3 FCarver Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
2 b# H1 C4 X. WChicago Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
9 E0 |0 ]2 y3 Z- ], x; ECleveland Junior Naval Academy (St. Louis, Missouri)3 g5 ^0 x1 a. Z3 M
Delaware Military Academy (Wilmington, Delaware)5 s5 c3 }% U( M1 H0 e
First State Military Academy (Smyrna, Delaware)
, z& t& D# e( s2 `& x& |Franklin Military Academy (Richmond, Virginia; the country’s first secondary military academy)[3]$ `3 q) @; R9 {/ V1 k2 t0 f
Georgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia; coeducational, public but not part of University System of Georgia)
. m9 H- {- p# U: v0 g! pHollywood Hills Military Academy (Hollywood, Florida)) S' j3 s$ g8 P) B% T7 E' d A+ r
Kenosha Military Academy (Wisconsin)[3]& i* ?/ @' U7 E2 _ d1 ?
Marine Academy of Science and Technology (Sandy Hook, New Jersey): p0 N2 h# t ?% X2 t! B
Marine Math and Science Academy (Chicago, Illinois): N, u1 n% j/ b5 `* R, Y+ j
New Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico; coeducational)0 J' |7 s2 |- Y) {$ J
New Orleans Military and Maritime Academy (New Orleans, Louisiana)
8 }( F# I: w/ v( KOakland Military Institute (Oakland, California). }3 k6 x7 m* I* o0 y) t: V: h
Philadelphia Military Academy[3]8 ?1 R' P+ p! T, O9 M
Phoenix Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
+ V4 L) n& B1 U2 Y, w5 @6 eRickover Naval Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
: @1 V4 `3 q2 T. g3 o* {# hSarasota Military Academy (Sarasota, Florida)
" T3 s9 m7 U4 n# z' `Summerlin Military Academy (Bartow, Florida) D# n# H% x/ K9 T- P( y& v
Utah Military Academy (Riverdale, Utah)- O' d0 { k7 v
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在另一头，则是各军种的研究生院：' _' s; R2 d# D
: J2 U! ^; m0 ]United States Army Command and General Staff College (Fort Leavenworth, Kansas)，陆军中级军官学校，下设School for Command Preparation，School of Advanced Military Studies，Command and General Staff School，School for Advanced Leadership and Tactics，郝柏村是这里毕业的
/ t- W8 K& n2 x( ]8 y l; ]United States Army War College (Carlisle, Pennsylvania)，陆军高级军官学校，招收有希望晋升将官的中校和上校
% z$ h" H E, y" M+ L$ B) {3 tUnited States Army Warrant Officer Career College (Fort Rucker, Alabama)
3 A" ^' {' N" @5 J hNaval War College (Newport, Rhode Island)，海军中高级军官学校，偏重指挥，下设College of Naval Warfare，Maritime Advanced Warfighting School，College of Naval Command and Staff
( f; `* c& [) v _. z h, J5 y) }0 ~Naval Postgraduate School (Monterey, California)，更加偏重科技方面
5 l p5 b5 _4 v7 }6 Y5 xMarine Corps University (Quantico, Virginia)
" z" K) P7 \9 A8 aAir University (Montgomery, Alabama)，空军中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Air War College，空军高级军官学校；School of Advanced Air and Space Studies，空天战争的研究生院；Air Command and Staff College，空军中级军官学校；Squadron Officer School，中队长学校；Air Force Institute of Technology (Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio)，偏重科技
* _; m7 f c2 a& jNational Defense University (Washington, D.C.)，三军联合，下设National War College，联合作战高级军官学校；Industrial College of the Armed Forces，偏重军工管理；Joint Forces Staff College (Norfolk, Virginia)，联合作战中级军官学校) K" [' u: B; q" }. }% X( M
Marine Corps University (Quantico, VA)，陆战队中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Marine Corps War College，陆战队高级军官学校；School of Advanced Warfighting，陆战队的战术研究生班；Marine Corps Command and Staff College，陆战队中级军官学校；Expeditionary Warfare School，陆战队上尉军官的战术进修学校7 E2 {: K* u) \; Z
$ }/ u6 ]; X n1 L各种专门学校（如步兵学校、装甲兵学校、游骑兵学校、伞兵学校、……）就数不胜数了，也经常在变动中。
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. U- z9 d% R, C7 W, N) n绕晕了吗？我也是。 |
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发表于 2020-6-21 12:06:24
