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本帖最后由 晨枫 于 2020-6-20 14:00 编辑 8 r j, F- l" W6 }
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军迷没有不想往西点军校的,但又很少不被美国各种军校(school)、军事学院(academy)和军事大学(college、university)弄糊涂的,更是有一些貌似民间的大学在里面参合。说起来,美国军事教育制度又完整,又混乱。一方面在很多地方领导世界军事教育,另一方面又由于历史积淀攒了很多陈腐的东西。这里理一理。
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- s) g/ Y6 ~6 O军种学院(Federal Service Academies),毕业生直接进入现役,美国海运学院除外:; G2 K4 P$ h' h$ C1 v( ^; ?# I3 l2 u
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United States Military Academy(俗称西点军校,位于纽约州西点,里纽约市不远)
! ~! m6 L; P) y% X5 sUnited States Naval Academy(俗称安纳波利斯海军学院,位于马里兰州安纳波利斯)5 L" t: z* C, q- f* J$ H' s
United States Air Force Academy(一般就直译为美国空军学院,位于科罗拉多州科罗拉多泉)
; ?$ n# F7 J! b6 H! xUnited States Coast Guard Academy(美国海岸警卫队学院,位于康涅狄格州新伦敦)
/ H- ?3 C* r! J) Y$ X% K$ IUnited States Merchant Marine Academy(美国海运学院,院长是现已海军少将,毕业生从事航运业,但并非海军军官,位于纽约州金角)
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高级军事学院(Senior Military Colleges),用于训练预备军官团,毕业生按需要成为现役,其余进入预备役:5 s% @7 z( K+ G
5 |/ ~7 r+ E$ Z7 M: l' r4个也同时接受非ROTC的民间大学生,这里public指公立,不一定是对非军人开放& u! U0 `' l1 x8 w Z: q. @; ^
The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina (Charleston, South Carolina; four-year public college)
* L8 A7 X3 @0 h# z( e; G* WTexas A&M University (College Station, Texas; four-year public university)6 ~% A @0 y* ]2 d/ X/ |
University of North Georgia (Dahlonega, Georgia; four-year public university)
5 w% ?# y3 T( s, KVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Blacksburg, Virginia; four-year public university)
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% C, d F% e0 F3 w5 O1个只收ROTC学生: E d' Q [8 T3 ]( Y
Virginia Military Institute (Lexington, Virginia; four-year public college),巴顿将军就是这里最出名的毕业生/ u$ V9 R6 s: e& n+ V$ e4 J. ]& n1 v
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1个军民兼收的私立, n5 [ B' W+ U1 b- \& U2 _) u
Norwich University (Northfield, Vermont; four-year private university)( U' R2 p }$ j
! O2 H/ v r6 b7 U) [州立海运学院,毕业生不能自动获得海岸警卫队或者军事海运方面的职务,但是挂钩的:) d$ Q* F' {% I/ i% k
% F! n, T0 R% l0 kCalifornia State University Maritime Academy (part of the California State University system); D+ f2 s, s/ O/ ? a2 b2 ]
Great Lakes Maritime Academy (a division of Northwestern Michigan College)) r+ I/ K# J0 b- Q* E
Maine Maritime Academy& o, `0 r/ ? }6 _3 M( w; R- w
Massachusetts Maritime Academy/ U/ n% h% m% ]7 b0 E
State University of New York Maritime College (part of the State University of New York (SUNY) system)( ~2 `3 n! @ S6 w) S( }
Texas A&M Maritime Academy (part of the Texas A&M University System)' ]; |5 P1 v$ h7 S" s1 O3 U4 y
3 {" Q* B7 e( W7 Q军事大专(Military Junior Colleges),这是很特别的东西,两年毕业,但必须自己另外读完民间大学的大三、大四才能或者完整ROTC资格:
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% L5 M+ U5 w6 O) NGeorgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia)( z, A! ~, @! H k1 m2 J
Marion Military Institute (Marion, Alabama)
. U4 J; K: C8 j+ Y* NNew Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico)
; ~! R2 q1 \9 q# t9 i. R& [# w6 ?- eValley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)
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! h) z. ^4 u1 U3 o还有一大堆军事高中,为进军校准备的,都是私立的:
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1 \" g$ h/ }6 a8 wAdmiral Farragut Academy (St. Petersburg, Florida; coeducational)1 o2 A$ {: ~7 G; T/ E7 b5 Y$ L) N* [
American Military Academy (Guaynabo, Puerto Rico; coeducational)$ S; Q) \9 x' m. `, V
Army and Navy Academy (Carlsbad, California)
+ C. Y5 }6 ^2 B' X0 CBenedictine College Preparatory (Richmond, Virginia)
C. @9 q, C) `4 X, f4 b% w$ f! NCamden Military Academy (Camden, South Carolina), e- B+ m; t" ~% s: N; X6 F: g
Christian Brothers Academy (Albany, New York)* G' I* l4 f: q' S( n
Culver Military Academy (Culver, Indiana)/ q! R1 M5 u1 X% Z" |( N# B8 M4 `
Fishburne Military School (Waynesboro, Virginia)
5 T: Y |/ h6 oFlorida Preparatory Academy (Melbourne, Florida; coeducational from 2005) b; P/ _1 Y' \5 z0 {% C
Fork Union Military Academy (Fork Union, Virginia)9 {/ I; N, | N1 X
Hargrave Military Academy (Chatham, Virginia)! W) L3 K$ ~+ j6 y( f
Howe Military School (Howe, Indiana; coeducational)! z* j8 U5 M" q
La Salle Institute (Troy, New York)
. e. I& _* ]: e, p4 Z, X( ALeonard Hall Junior Naval Academy (Leonardtown, Maryland; coeducational)# `4 ^' o2 D3 Y8 T8 p# q9 m C
Lyman Ward Military Academy (Camp Hill, Alabama): M) S8 x+ Q; |- d* P% P6 ]* W3 v
Marine Military Academy (Harlingen, Texas)5 R6 u* d+ J% Z4 K6 D
Massanutten Academy (Woodstock, Virginia; coeducational); B# t' u% g% F* M
Missouri Military Academy (Mexico, Missouri): Q$ e0 ^) K/ T/ D# H7 K
New York Military Academy (Cornwall on Hudson, New York; coeducational)- j( H0 ]6 \. a+ R* D& l
North Valley Military Institute (Sun Valley, California; coeducational)
F! e: Y% ?( _ y0 JOak Ridge Military Academy (Oak Ridge, North Carolina; coeducational)
: S' O8 J/ M# i* t9 w7 g; TRandolph-Macon Academy (Front Royal, Virginia; coeducational)2 T( v# W: U7 n4 [' G A# A( W3 G
Riverside Military Academy (Gainesville, Georgia)
( P6 W2 x4 F8 g0 \" F7 ]* U' M' {9 hSan Marcos Baptist Academy (San Marcos, Texas)6 n- Q4 |2 _* G
Saint Thomas Academy (Mendota Heights, Minnesota)
0 N$ V: L" ` s9 N1 M' BSt. Catherine's Academy (Anaheim, California; Kindergarten - 8th Grade; all boys)( \4 \( O' C1 b0 b- ^* |# V# T5 F9 v
St. John's College High School (Washington, DC; first JROTC school in the USA; coeducational)( [" c5 `) V0 ^( L- `6 t
St. John's Military School (Salina, Kansas)
& |- ?% }! K, B" |5 M4 p! v6 jSt. John's Northwestern Military Academy (Delafield, Wisconsin)
, i/ T! Q6 W% j0 a3 j9 H: w7 {Southeastern Military Academy (Port St. Lucie, Florida)
0 _4 c P9 J u% q/ F9 oTMI — The Episcopal School of Texas (San Antonio, Texas[2]
8 v1 t3 ]( I* `* LValley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)
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更有一大堆公立高中有国防部部份资助的JROTC(青少年ROTC)项目,在高中期间就接受一定的军事训练,为以后参军做准备:1 S4 Q u' e, a8 @8 W1 P
0 U0 j! T+ u# ]Air Force Academy High School (Chicago, Illinois)9 Q8 K9 q6 A, ^3 W
Bridgeport Military Academy First Responders (Bridgeport, Connecticut), O1 o9 @" @, r5 q* w
Carver Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois); h+ Z3 z, h# Y, P: x7 G
Chicago Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
3 T5 _) G1 c( s T# V& zCleveland Junior Naval Academy (St. Louis, Missouri)$ l6 \. [; r& i! }3 N) M
Delaware Military Academy (Wilmington, Delaware)+ z, u, ]/ D* f
First State Military Academy (Smyrna, Delaware)
7 O1 ?' {* B" L- y1 t( _2 oFranklin Military Academy (Richmond, Virginia; the country’s first secondary military academy)[3]
Q3 s0 ^% V: T3 y+ i lGeorgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia; coeducational, public but not part of University System of Georgia)
& E6 ~+ C2 q. `4 P. yHollywood Hills Military Academy (Hollywood, Florida)
4 \2 t+ H+ Y# f4 l/ }Kenosha Military Academy (Wisconsin)[3]
! ~4 C# B# B8 u1 i vMarine Academy of Science and Technology (Sandy Hook, New Jersey)
: E# K$ P u( p" eMarine Math and Science Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
- h4 n" V5 Y% r1 \; T& J5 zNew Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico; coeducational)# ?: a* F* P: @/ S- @
New Orleans Military and Maritime Academy (New Orleans, Louisiana)
. C" m. ~5 ?; c ]Oakland Military Institute (Oakland, California)
. C. s2 f$ w/ yPhiladelphia Military Academy[3]3 }' I$ K7 J- Y2 J/ f% R
Phoenix Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)9 Y8 ~* N) v3 y. n
Rickover Naval Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
5 n0 B3 |+ N( @* e) M4 E/ ]3 MSarasota Military Academy (Sarasota, Florida)& R. q, i( P8 b) m q0 }) d) d2 b3 a
Summerlin Military Academy (Bartow, Florida)
, B- ?) X* ]! U% qUtah Military Academy (Riverdale, Utah)6 ?' V" V0 G/ f; D( C* l
i2 E( m: K `' G7 T* U P在另一头,则是各军种的研究生院:6 q# \' S4 S; i+ ^0 u* l# {' P
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United States Army Command and General Staff College (Fort Leavenworth, Kansas),陆军中级军官学校,下设School for Command Preparation,School of Advanced Military Studies,Command and General Staff School,School for Advanced Leadership and Tactics,郝柏村是这里毕业的
3 z% Y2 R- g" e6 {( l, BUnited States Army War College (Carlisle, Pennsylvania),陆军高级军官学校,招收有希望晋升将官的中校和上校; ?% Z+ _2 c, r
United States Army Warrant Officer Career College (Fort Rucker, Alabama)
7 S- d% f0 z: w, G: B" nNaval War College (Newport, Rhode Island),海军中高级军官学校,偏重指挥,下设College of Naval Warfare,Maritime Advanced Warfighting School,College of Naval Command and Staff
" P7 A' r" s, ]8 w' ]Naval Postgraduate School (Monterey, California),更加偏重科技方面
2 }1 s& t0 A' n6 p3 X$ r: C( q2 N' aMarine Corps University (Quantico, Virginia)/ l* |7 p$ w* u; c- l: W# c; m; o
Air University (Montgomery, Alabama),空军中高级军官学校的统一架构,下设Air War College,空军高级军官学校;School of Advanced Air and Space Studies,空天战争的研究生院;Air Command and Staff College,空军中级军官学校;Squadron Officer School,中队长学校;Air Force Institute of Technology (Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio),偏重科技
) P, m+ W! L' Y( h9 X" d! c# zNational Defense University (Washington, D.C.),三军联合,下设National War College,联合作战高级军官学校;Industrial College of the Armed Forces,偏重军工管理;Joint Forces Staff College (Norfolk, Virginia),联合作战中级军官学校& {& y) E. c% W. a
Marine Corps University (Quantico, VA),陆战队中高级军官学校的统一架构,下设Marine Corps War College,陆战队高级军官学校;School of Advanced Warfighting,陆战队的战术研究生班;Marine Corps Command and Staff College,陆战队中级军官学校;Expeditionary Warfare School,陆战队上尉军官的战术进修学校; z1 P% }0 w! I0 x
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各种专门学校(如步兵学校、装甲兵学校、游骑兵学校、伞兵学校、……)就数不胜数了,也经常在变动中。8 U3 q" s9 N2 a, V
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绕晕了吗?我也是。 |
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