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本帖最后由 晨枫 于 2020-6-20 14:00 编辑
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' u/ {! ~+ Q$ @2 J$ P5 j9 {/ E军迷没有不想往西点军校的，但又很少不被美国各种军校（school）、军事学院（academy）和军事大学（college、university）弄糊涂的，更是有一些貌似民间的大学在里面参合。说起来，美国军事教育制度又完整，又混乱。一方面在很多地方领导世界军事教育，另一方面又由于历史积淀攒了很多陈腐的东西。这里理一理。
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3 d) C# e/ x0 u; i军种学院（Federal Service Academies），毕业生直接进入现役，美国海运学院除外：" Q* f6 B$ b7 h- Q3 _$ O; X. I
2 Z! L$ x- P1 h7 m( IUnited States Military Academy（俗称西点军校，位于纽约州西点，里纽约市不远）6 ^' t- U3 x/ Q) E1 j1 j
United States Naval Academy（俗称安纳波利斯海军学院，位于马里兰州安纳波利斯）6 N5 c Q9 u I* w0 t% `
United States Air Force Academy（一般就直译为美国空军学院，位于科罗拉多州科罗拉多泉）, C$ U/ b% ?9 g- c- Q4 u9 S
United States Coast Guard Academy（美国海岸警卫队学院，位于康涅狄格州新伦敦）
+ o0 S1 N; m0 }& ?0 |United States Merchant Marine Academy（美国海运学院，院长是现已海军少将，毕业生从事航运业，但并非海军军官，位于纽约州金角）
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. Q; B+ b [* r& r* ?高级军事学院（Senior Military Colleges），用于训练预备军官团，毕业生按需要成为现役，其余进入预备役：
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4个也同时接受非ROTC的民间大学生，这里public指公立，不一定是对非军人开放/ Z/ K, M! `" c9 ?! D8 I' O- v
The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina (Charleston, South Carolina; four-year public college)& m' u8 A; D6 r" M) i
Texas A&M University (College Station, Texas; four-year public university)
0 o( Z j' W9 EUniversity of North Georgia (Dahlonega, Georgia; four-year public university)4 w* V+ n! ]& ]
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Blacksburg, Virginia; four-year public university)
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1个只收ROTC学生# |! z [- V$ d# s: t3 c/ `
Virginia Military Institute (Lexington, Virginia; four-year public college)，巴顿将军就是这里最出名的毕业生$ r: [5 F+ }1 v9 g/ d
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1个军民兼收的私立4 ]8 j- e" P5 F* r3 _2 q
Norwich University (Northfield, Vermont; four-year private university)
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], H! ]- L0 b& C州立海运学院，毕业生不能自动获得海岸警卫队或者军事海运方面的职务，但是挂钩的：
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0 a! A2 ?3 z N( UCalifornia State University Maritime Academy (part of the California State University system)( Y; d) V7 c$ f+ n, s5 w; N E
Great Lakes Maritime Academy (a division of Northwestern Michigan College)
. l+ I2 K3 F+ Q6 F# y, AMaine Maritime Academy6 R% B C* ~ e+ }2 e
Massachusetts Maritime Academy) v& f/ K5 A* c. P4 e7 z
State University of New York Maritime College (part of the State University of New York (SUNY) system)! H1 O \5 H' P9 c B- d( f6 I& t6 y
Texas A&M Maritime Academy (part of the Texas A&M University System)% [3 ]- D9 \0 q$ }" w" D6 _
1 B; i! C z2 u! k0 a) k4 c5 e军事大专（Military Junior Colleges），这是很特别的东西，两年毕业，但必须自己另外读完民间大学的大三、大四才能或者完整ROTC资格：
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Georgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia)# N# Z0 {7 A1 } A- \( D' n
Marion Military Institute (Marion, Alabama)8 S( j. f. W- ^/ W! j
New Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico)- v: e. C* O3 N
Valley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)& ]+ ~( \/ i0 S) T$ Q7 x9 O
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还有一大堆军事高中，为进军校准备的，都是私立的：8 i! K8 h% [& O0 M4 o
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Admiral Farragut Academy (St. Petersburg, Florida; coeducational)# a S+ ^$ `" h* [ O* p. @7 s! E
American Military Academy (Guaynabo, Puerto Rico; coeducational)
/ k# i" O" |2 Y% G5 j2 ^Army and Navy Academy (Carlsbad, California)
$ c, x3 N4 f9 D& R6 V- uBenedictine College Preparatory (Richmond, Virginia)2 B# D9 I; B, S v8 F0 X, {
Camden Military Academy (Camden, South Carolina)& V2 o7 x! ^8 t+ M
Christian Brothers Academy (Albany, New York)
( X/ T$ k! [6 H1 H+ _( UCulver Military Academy (Culver, Indiana)+ j( C( B( U5 k) l4 K" l
Fishburne Military School (Waynesboro, Virginia)! _0 F: q4 j5 N
Florida Preparatory Academy (Melbourne, Florida; coeducational from 2005)
5 K0 x( G: @: C0 N5 ]8 u- K0 cFork Union Military Academy (Fork Union, Virginia)+ _% t; r: y. f$ u& f _* w
Hargrave Military Academy (Chatham, Virginia)9 u, T( ~ f0 }3 T0 D: C" c' j b
Howe Military School (Howe, Indiana; coeducational)& U, w3 t! F, C; |% l. E
La Salle Institute (Troy, New York)5 _' R$ j. }8 u6 A( U, @( c
Leonard Hall Junior Naval Academy (Leonardtown, Maryland; coeducational)3 Q- U9 h3 `- ~0 {* c- }- v
Lyman Ward Military Academy (Camp Hill, Alabama), h$ v% u: y& f3 \/ B
Marine Military Academy (Harlingen, Texas)7 s9 Z& ^7 ^3 i$ Z; l
Massanutten Academy (Woodstock, Virginia; coeducational)
8 Z0 Y/ h6 P9 ]8 l4 TMissouri Military Academy (Mexico, Missouri)' _9 {+ N c: `) R9 o$ r; h
New York Military Academy (Cornwall on Hudson, New York; coeducational)
/ _( m: U+ h. }: H. _ d. cNorth Valley Military Institute (Sun Valley, California; coeducational)
7 f) l$ l- O4 O8 l1 T' O# ]Oak Ridge Military Academy (Oak Ridge, North Carolina; coeducational)
4 V% a8 a! P* f* ]Randolph-Macon Academy (Front Royal, Virginia; coeducational)
' _( @( X$ U$ O1 eRiverside Military Academy (Gainesville, Georgia)
5 E# f* n9 b! F8 y, {. O! ^San Marcos Baptist Academy (San Marcos, Texas)
9 U. r9 I2 F6 Q& z& USaint Thomas Academy (Mendota Heights, Minnesota)
8 n6 Y: q0 x5 z5 v: ]$ @: V4 cSt. Catherine's Academy (Anaheim, California; Kindergarten - 8th Grade; all boys)& M1 X: f5 p8 r5 y/ W1 J3 D4 a
St. John's College High School (Washington, DC; first JROTC school in the USA; coeducational) p/ T z' O- Z4 R- f' d( H3 O" k
St. John's Military School (Salina, Kansas)2 ~+ P/ _5 M3 d/ b, ?" G* C" C8 J
St. John's Northwestern Military Academy (Delafield, Wisconsin)) ~& k1 s/ u) F2 C+ G; Y+ u
Southeastern Military Academy (Port St. Lucie, Florida)7 n( \5 V+ t( g k/ c! \( R
TMI — The Episcopal School of Texas (San Antonio, Texas[2]
; P- J2 q4 F$ T2 h% ~Valley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)
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0 o; U# S% e6 `) w v更有一大堆公立高中有国防部部份资助的JROTC（青少年ROTC）项目，在高中期间就接受一定的军事训练，为以后参军做准备：6 {% ?6 u: N8 c9 E5 _( W' ^
' \5 F3 ^2 y2 T: U* KAir Force Academy High School (Chicago, Illinois)
' }: z- c" C( ~. J4 kBridgeport Military Academy First Responders (Bridgeport, Connecticut)
9 A. \$ e/ Y( ]Carver Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)' M$ t- J0 W7 u3 V; |$ ?3 ?
Chicago Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)$ `! S- }( ^, O) }
Cleveland Junior Naval Academy (St. Louis, Missouri)
) p! z- J) Z2 H+ H4 Y. S% iDelaware Military Academy (Wilmington, Delaware)
# A4 S N1 [5 S7 v; O b& {( QFirst State Military Academy (Smyrna, Delaware)
9 h8 i) r. U r; IFranklin Military Academy (Richmond, Virginia; the country’s first secondary military academy)[3]
c! ?8 X6 O! ]' _% J) s+ ZGeorgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia; coeducational, public but not part of University System of Georgia)
- V5 E: U- Y1 b; b* n8 x" EHollywood Hills Military Academy (Hollywood, Florida)6 V3 P2 u8 u* X$ q
Kenosha Military Academy (Wisconsin)[3]
) h/ z3 X" S. ^8 b* p* ^Marine Academy of Science and Technology (Sandy Hook, New Jersey)
/ j! A0 M% y$ E# {3 xMarine Math and Science Academy (Chicago, Illinois)7 ? `2 r- m' q% D/ D
New Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico; coeducational)4 i0 n+ u* O* u6 P4 Y& R4 k* E
New Orleans Military and Maritime Academy (New Orleans, Louisiana) c/ O8 ~' e; U0 n+ p
Oakland Military Institute (Oakland, California)
$ B1 g* o7 u' l% e3 J( `+ GPhiladelphia Military Academy[3]
; x8 r( k" X& APhoenix Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
8 V( i1 f# N0 ?# S8 i0 _5 xRickover Naval Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
5 v( O( E' D0 p( v; Q9 m1 e7 A0 RSarasota Military Academy (Sarasota, Florida)- p& G+ H r. Y+ w7 j- L
Summerlin Military Academy (Bartow, Florida)8 [/ T6 M% F* S8 p4 S' m
Utah Military Academy (Riverdale, Utah)
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7 o0 Q* { m3 ]4 }在另一头，则是各军种的研究生院：* e) Y: r+ d8 m. u* u
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United States Army Command and General Staff College (Fort Leavenworth, Kansas)，陆军中级军官学校，下设School for Command Preparation，School of Advanced Military Studies，Command and General Staff School，School for Advanced Leadership and Tactics，郝柏村是这里毕业的
& ^1 O1 B* F. VUnited States Army War College (Carlisle, Pennsylvania)，陆军高级军官学校，招收有希望晋升将官的中校和上校6 F1 F* O' J j- p4 R
United States Army Warrant Officer Career College (Fort Rucker, Alabama)- F: k! H _: h" d' b
Naval War College (Newport, Rhode Island)，海军中高级军官学校，偏重指挥，下设College of Naval Warfare，Maritime Advanced Warfighting School，College of Naval Command and Staff
6 w* Q) A. e# T; z& ~$ K; W3 FNaval Postgraduate School (Monterey, California)，更加偏重科技方面
7 A. _: @+ r9 \ L/ |( ]% zMarine Corps University (Quantico, Virginia)
0 `, k1 g. H2 I5 p6 w# `& ]. e. u ~Air University (Montgomery, Alabama)，空军中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Air War College，空军高级军官学校；School of Advanced Air and Space Studies，空天战争的研究生院；Air Command and Staff College，空军中级军官学校；Squadron Officer School，中队长学校；Air Force Institute of Technology (Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio)，偏重科技8 G, z, M0 d t, X
National Defense University (Washington, D.C.)，三军联合，下设National War College，联合作战高级军官学校；Industrial College of the Armed Forces，偏重军工管理；Joint Forces Staff College (Norfolk, Virginia)，联合作战中级军官学校# \! r4 F1 P+ Z& @& W$ d
Marine Corps University (Quantico, VA)，陆战队中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Marine Corps War College，陆战队高级军官学校；School of Advanced Warfighting，陆战队的战术研究生班；Marine Corps Command and Staff College，陆战队中级军官学校；Expeditionary Warfare School，陆战队上尉军官的战术进修学校9 F( s0 O# \5 f2 u5 L
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各种专门学校（如步兵学校、装甲兵学校、游骑兵学校、伞兵学校、……）就数不胜数了，也经常在变动中。/ N0 S' L! P% M" {; H( ~
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绕晕了吗？我也是。 |
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发表于 2020-6-21 12:06:24
