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本帖最后由 晨枫 于 2020-6-20 14:00 编辑
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2 z# w* y/ H4 K5 l9 X9 P1 x军迷没有不想往西点军校的，但又很少不被美国各种军校（school）、军事学院（academy）和军事大学（college、university）弄糊涂的，更是有一些貌似民间的大学在里面参合。说起来，美国军事教育制度又完整，又混乱。一方面在很多地方领导世界军事教育，另一方面又由于历史积淀攒了很多陈腐的东西。这里理一理。
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军种学院（Federal Service Academies），毕业生直接进入现役，美国海运学院除外：
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/ C: Q$ g& {% dUnited States Military Academy（俗称西点军校，位于纽约州西点，里纽约市不远）
1 z; g: f& U/ s K* RUnited States Naval Academy（俗称安纳波利斯海军学院，位于马里兰州安纳波利斯）' h& L5 M( I$ f" h' L
United States Air Force Academy（一般就直译为美国空军学院，位于科罗拉多州科罗拉多泉）
, b4 ~. C7 \5 g; G8 Y- L' [United States Coast Guard Academy（美国海岸警卫队学院，位于康涅狄格州新伦敦）/ b0 l/ `, a( k( l+ u& U% v
United States Merchant Marine Academy（美国海运学院，院长是现已海军少将，毕业生从事航运业，但并非海军军官，位于纽约州金角）" f5 i5 b+ v& w K. j# ]2 ~, o
w- m$ X/ U, ]3 W) S# \: \高级军事学院（Senior Military Colleges），用于训练预备军官团，毕业生按需要成为现役，其余进入预备役：" M% S4 v- P9 V2 e* J* m5 b5 H
3 W& z( l" Z) T; b! U% B7 i4个也同时接受非ROTC的民间大学生，这里public指公立，不一定是对非军人开放6 ~. V+ Q2 \/ f$ S' Y; k
The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina (Charleston, South Carolina; four-year public college)- f/ I3 I* ?4 K' ]. [& ~: R
Texas A&M University (College Station, Texas; four-year public university)
2 U% N' z3 K8 ^9 x& \9 MUniversity of North Georgia (Dahlonega, Georgia; four-year public university)
7 z! V1 B: B! r8 \7 n4 wVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Blacksburg, Virginia; four-year public university)4 h! i) q b/ \* p7 P8 N; t
# [9 u8 b# a$ ?) [6 P6 y0 V9 u1个只收ROTC学生
& l. h4 R( o$ BVirginia Military Institute (Lexington, Virginia; four-year public college)，巴顿将军就是这里最出名的毕业生
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1个军民兼收的私立
8 Q2 \/ U( W% i9 e# u2 j7 gNorwich University (Northfield, Vermont; four-year private university)# S) }/ O! S$ K
1 |4 y, w! E; X3 I3 x州立海运学院，毕业生不能自动获得海岸警卫队或者军事海运方面的职务，但是挂钩的：. M5 c5 e5 g' E# r$ H
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California State University Maritime Academy (part of the California State University system)4 C+ Q7 ^0 X- s$ }' V
Great Lakes Maritime Academy (a division of Northwestern Michigan College)5 ~+ v8 E0 |: c- s2 d" t) W0 l
Maine Maritime Academy
1 t0 F j9 P1 ~8 ?/ E! ~ {- _Massachusetts Maritime Academy
E. [ S9 q6 G) a- R3 AState University of New York Maritime College (part of the State University of New York (SUNY) system)# m, o/ ?: V, i2 k+ J! v- C
Texas A&M Maritime Academy (part of the Texas A&M University System)
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/ t' Q. f% V7 y军事大专（Military Junior Colleges），这是很特别的东西，两年毕业，但必须自己另外读完民间大学的大三、大四才能或者完整ROTC资格：- V& B4 m+ _; Q4 G7 x% |
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Georgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia)2 d# a& r* {( M- d( R ` j* `, o6 k
Marion Military Institute (Marion, Alabama)
9 u/ D& S6 Z( R: f* j% {% RNew Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico)
! ?( I+ [0 Y; r' L( q0 aValley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)6 O2 ?2 O+ W. Q7 D
& _. ?/ i) V% q还有一大堆军事高中，为进军校准备的，都是私立的：2 B3 M. m$ Z$ T, v7 V
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Admiral Farragut Academy (St. Petersburg, Florida; coeducational)
+ | ^# C' K# R) w5 _8 w W" fAmerican Military Academy (Guaynabo, Puerto Rico; coeducational)
0 ^; ~/ @; J/ zArmy and Navy Academy (Carlsbad, California)
; t Z. R. j6 N+ CBenedictine College Preparatory (Richmond, Virginia)
) p% _% B$ ^7 R, m8 V7 ~' yCamden Military Academy (Camden, South Carolina)) B. j; f( B6 E/ P+ U) d* ~; p& g
Christian Brothers Academy (Albany, New York)& r3 h! g) t+ \# C% H0 C8 Q
Culver Military Academy (Culver, Indiana)& o1 r8 n% N" P6 t0 |% D
Fishburne Military School (Waynesboro, Virginia)' _! Y/ V# \' m5 a+ h. {( j
Florida Preparatory Academy (Melbourne, Florida; coeducational from 2005)7 Z) p: |+ v/ J. L0 I
Fork Union Military Academy (Fork Union, Virginia)( e! d7 f1 c/ Q6 y" h* e
Hargrave Military Academy (Chatham, Virginia): B( k8 s8 J) H8 Q0 S+ j
Howe Military School (Howe, Indiana; coeducational)
* G2 C# A7 Q$ T4 J+ {' }/ ^La Salle Institute (Troy, New York)
. Z3 d, H; I* g* _% ]Leonard Hall Junior Naval Academy (Leonardtown, Maryland; coeducational)
. \( j( [; U* C6 v$ ^8 `$ vLyman Ward Military Academy (Camp Hill, Alabama)/ C- B0 r- I/ u8 G6 i! }, D
Marine Military Academy (Harlingen, Texas)
) P; V4 Z, m" k* E6 I- @Massanutten Academy (Woodstock, Virginia; coeducational)( M* c/ w' o2 r) E* W, O4 G: t" T
Missouri Military Academy (Mexico, Missouri)3 D c+ h+ f6 e$ ?
New York Military Academy (Cornwall on Hudson, New York; coeducational)
. x& ]% b1 p& d2 t1 p# B$ X7 CNorth Valley Military Institute (Sun Valley, California; coeducational)/ z$ a: H6 y5 J5 s0 K! j1 Q3 l- q7 F
Oak Ridge Military Academy (Oak Ridge, North Carolina; coeducational)* l0 S" s& z4 K1 g7 f
Randolph-Macon Academy (Front Royal, Virginia; coeducational)6 p& `7 a" _- |2 ~2 v8 P8 ~6 x; v
Riverside Military Academy (Gainesville, Georgia); c5 I* J5 f9 M2 j( a
San Marcos Baptist Academy (San Marcos, Texas)
3 F& `* i7 c. {5 h8 QSaint Thomas Academy (Mendota Heights, Minnesota)4 K2 A; {' y0 W8 ^0 n/ H: v
St. Catherine's Academy (Anaheim, California; Kindergarten - 8th Grade; all boys)
% k T2 U" l! }9 T# Q2 JSt. John's College High School (Washington, DC; first JROTC school in the USA; coeducational)
# N1 \. X l% o2 ^* dSt. John's Military School (Salina, Kansas)
/ a3 y! M) n7 _/ h5 `7 LSt. John's Northwestern Military Academy (Delafield, Wisconsin)/ @( d! E4 W; e
Southeastern Military Academy (Port St. Lucie, Florida)! B; o% E5 T, z9 h
TMI — The Episcopal School of Texas (San Antonio, Texas[2]
: q1 M0 b7 x! f+ N% t0 q, [Valley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)
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9 j& d3 C4 d! j更有一大堆公立高中有国防部部份资助的JROTC（青少年ROTC）项目，在高中期间就接受一定的军事训练，为以后参军做准备：
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Air Force Academy High School (Chicago, Illinois)1 [5 h$ `, n: G/ H
Bridgeport Military Academy First Responders (Bridgeport, Connecticut)
. B+ V4 g& I: b P% `0 }Carver Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
: J* j' _. C. Q9 B' n: V& AChicago Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
* g" T) n7 U4 R% N6 ~5 I( N+ YCleveland Junior Naval Academy (St. Louis, Missouri)
4 E4 s7 d( X$ p+ F; gDelaware Military Academy (Wilmington, Delaware)) X+ ]9 ?5 r4 t& X% h
First State Military Academy (Smyrna, Delaware)
/ Z( J2 K" S9 `; L+ t8 |* \) uFranklin Military Academy (Richmond, Virginia; the country’s first secondary military academy)[3]
1 F1 D3 R! ^+ ]6 ]4 M* C6 ^Georgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia; coeducational, public but not part of University System of Georgia)! {: |% E' F, O# [) N
Hollywood Hills Military Academy (Hollywood, Florida)3 ?# j" F% d1 Y
Kenosha Military Academy (Wisconsin)[3]/ T& m7 h* ]% T( f5 @- I
Marine Academy of Science and Technology (Sandy Hook, New Jersey)2 b- _; }3 e0 ^6 g h8 f8 d/ n/ \
Marine Math and Science Academy (Chicago, Illinois) k! l: Z/ a! j
New Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico; coeducational)& t$ g! V/ M$ j/ b
New Orleans Military and Maritime Academy (New Orleans, Louisiana). [1 K6 f3 ?9 V+ {0 K8 j
Oakland Military Institute (Oakland, California)" W, [% y/ J& g0 d, t; ~
Philadelphia Military Academy[3]
0 N$ Y0 f2 r$ e0 pPhoenix Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
) I3 j, h- j7 |& u4 yRickover Naval Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
( d3 I8 Y7 E2 X Z$ I% }Sarasota Military Academy (Sarasota, Florida)
6 O: w, A J& S; c4 jSummerlin Military Academy (Bartow, Florida)
5 s: T7 Z, D" o: e: p4 z; H5 {Utah Military Academy (Riverdale, Utah)
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" \# j1 T1 {" i! z! h+ V5 V& t在另一头，则是各军种的研究生院：
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United States Army Command and General Staff College (Fort Leavenworth, Kansas)，陆军中级军官学校，下设School for Command Preparation，School of Advanced Military Studies，Command and General Staff School，School for Advanced Leadership and Tactics，郝柏村是这里毕业的
& J l3 A3 K @United States Army War College (Carlisle, Pennsylvania)，陆军高级军官学校，招收有希望晋升将官的中校和上校
8 q5 i9 y, q& U8 J( N" qUnited States Army Warrant Officer Career College (Fort Rucker, Alabama)
6 n v- }+ |6 ]0 c M" pNaval War College (Newport, Rhode Island)，海军中高级军官学校，偏重指挥，下设College of Naval Warfare，Maritime Advanced Warfighting School，College of Naval Command and Staff/ i' B7 d k6 V. G4 B
Naval Postgraduate School (Monterey, California)，更加偏重科技方面0 x- W9 [2 h% ~& l& \; f; k* e: n1 r
Marine Corps University (Quantico, Virginia)0 L( x5 }. r5 {# M( z7 H
Air University (Montgomery, Alabama)，空军中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Air War College，空军高级军官学校；School of Advanced Air and Space Studies，空天战争的研究生院；Air Command and Staff College，空军中级军官学校；Squadron Officer School，中队长学校；Air Force Institute of Technology (Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio)，偏重科技
& e6 O4 o2 H ?$ R- \& mNational Defense University (Washington, D.C.)，三军联合，下设National War College，联合作战高级军官学校；Industrial College of the Armed Forces，偏重军工管理；Joint Forces Staff College (Norfolk, Virginia)，联合作战中级军官学校, m* F _2 H; p: _8 N$ x* S7 R0 Y
Marine Corps University (Quantico, VA)，陆战队中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Marine Corps War College，陆战队高级军官学校；School of Advanced Warfighting，陆战队的战术研究生班；Marine Corps Command and Staff College，陆战队中级军官学校；Expeditionary Warfare School，陆战队上尉军官的战术进修学校; x' g% @7 n. j: v) ]. Z; A
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各种专门学校（如步兵学校、装甲兵学校、游骑兵学校、伞兵学校、……）就数不胜数了，也经常在变动中。
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绕晕了吗？我也是。 |
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发表于 2020-6-21 12:06:24
