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本帖最后由 晨枫 于 2020-6-20 14:00 编辑
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. U' C; R- @5 U# y2 l军迷没有不想往西点军校的，但又很少不被美国各种军校（school）、军事学院（academy）和军事大学（college、university）弄糊涂的，更是有一些貌似民间的大学在里面参合。说起来，美国军事教育制度又完整，又混乱。一方面在很多地方领导世界军事教育，另一方面又由于历史积淀攒了很多陈腐的东西。这里理一理。% j0 M! H0 v, Q
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军种学院（Federal Service Academies），毕业生直接进入现役，美国海运学院除外：
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United States Military Academy（俗称西点军校，位于纽约州西点，里纽约市不远）
: A5 V0 L( j7 B4 s* W* g$ `- sUnited States Naval Academy（俗称安纳波利斯海军学院，位于马里兰州安纳波利斯）
* K. I# ]1 g+ {9 vUnited States Air Force Academy（一般就直译为美国空军学院，位于科罗拉多州科罗拉多泉）0 U1 H# ~# q. |8 e Q4 d! {
United States Coast Guard Academy（美国海岸警卫队学院，位于康涅狄格州新伦敦）
* G* O% h8 L. y$ _8 K$ {( hUnited States Merchant Marine Academy（美国海运学院，院长是现已海军少将，毕业生从事航运业，但并非海军军官，位于纽约州金角）! f, I/ c7 H+ r1 O
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高级军事学院（Senior Military Colleges），用于训练预备军官团，毕业生按需要成为现役，其余进入预备役：/ \/ O( i* L; i5 A3 l
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4个也同时接受非ROTC的民间大学生，这里public指公立，不一定是对非军人开放
. j2 ]6 V) _) [( R# D( dThe Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina (Charleston, South Carolina; four-year public college)
: [- V5 ]8 t% m3 b1 X, ETexas A&M University (College Station, Texas; four-year public university)
* ^, c& O+ ?' a6 `# W1 I, DUniversity of North Georgia (Dahlonega, Georgia; four-year public university)
/ [/ j2 J3 M5 r1 aVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Blacksburg, Virginia; four-year public university)
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1 a; e' B- w9 ]8 B7 z% _1个只收ROTC学生% g( g: v& Y: x h, B
Virginia Military Institute (Lexington, Virginia; four-year public college)，巴顿将军就是这里最出名的毕业生* `& i R" ? n4 h8 K0 N
/ v7 ]3 o+ k0 R4 a) K# J# I1个军民兼收的私立
x* w3 u' {/ r$ V. X4 DNorwich University (Northfield, Vermont; four-year private university)' @- }7 T9 r* n3 m4 d- g8 R
) i( F4 J! K8 [3 Y" _ X4 r, u州立海运学院，毕业生不能自动获得海岸警卫队或者军事海运方面的职务，但是挂钩的：- X0 o* Y: n: O7 {5 g
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California State University Maritime Academy (part of the California State University system)( y6 Y9 Y$ H9 k
Great Lakes Maritime Academy (a division of Northwestern Michigan College)
# J9 z, G w9 \" {5 x$ SMaine Maritime Academy
' U( m' r- t* U" VMassachusetts Maritime Academy
- |: r$ ?1 N5 v6 RState University of New York Maritime College (part of the State University of New York (SUNY) system)9 v0 |6 J. z# E* S
Texas A&M Maritime Academy (part of the Texas A&M University System)/ G- K0 H3 Q9 P M0 H& O
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军事大专（Military Junior Colleges），这是很特别的东西，两年毕业，但必须自己另外读完民间大学的大三、大四才能或者完整ROTC资格：
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$ u3 I+ S% W0 K+ D0 P {3 _Georgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia)
/ D9 g& ~# u- W$ VMarion Military Institute (Marion, Alabama)
) H! Y' l& ?# s6 CNew Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico)
. g) B1 T @ H+ s' b5 w5 d0 \1 _2 |Valley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)- w) X* ]- r, ^5 y9 h7 a" f
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还有一大堆军事高中，为进军校准备的，都是私立的：
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Admiral Farragut Academy (St. Petersburg, Florida; coeducational)
( y$ F( W1 y4 T" J# ?' J' o4 bAmerican Military Academy (Guaynabo, Puerto Rico; coeducational)
& K/ q D% C* V5 K5 m) JArmy and Navy Academy (Carlsbad, California)
+ `. D9 T' ]& V2 Q# \$ q4 EBenedictine College Preparatory (Richmond, Virginia)% g- n" c: V& D5 |+ y- j) o* u6 J
Camden Military Academy (Camden, South Carolina)
/ S7 s: Q3 |2 B) yChristian Brothers Academy (Albany, New York)" o3 K( q5 p4 Q+ J! u! V' ?
Culver Military Academy (Culver, Indiana)+ {. u' a% \3 `+ W/ e" ~
Fishburne Military School (Waynesboro, Virginia)
$ C) m: Z7 X; o$ F3 LFlorida Preparatory Academy (Melbourne, Florida; coeducational from 2005)
$ X5 V, v4 b1 s& }Fork Union Military Academy (Fork Union, Virginia)8 L/ I& j+ O# K' ~5 e) z
Hargrave Military Academy (Chatham, Virginia)
' [& X5 x+ T2 P9 b( q3 WHowe Military School (Howe, Indiana; coeducational)0 G9 c$ L9 U8 x4 ~) {' Z; I
La Salle Institute (Troy, New York)* {0 [/ O; b' p7 X' b" B
Leonard Hall Junior Naval Academy (Leonardtown, Maryland; coeducational)8 i+ g$ v) f$ Z4 d" [, e& ~ \
Lyman Ward Military Academy (Camp Hill, Alabama)' @' {% M0 Y. @' g: l
Marine Military Academy (Harlingen, Texas)
9 ?+ ^) `9 S+ K7 n$ f' BMassanutten Academy (Woodstock, Virginia; coeducational)
6 g# t6 d6 Z- A( C4 mMissouri Military Academy (Mexico, Missouri)# ^) V: A1 d4 n, `- \
New York Military Academy (Cornwall on Hudson, New York; coeducational)
5 j2 n9 _, Q9 ANorth Valley Military Institute (Sun Valley, California; coeducational)3 W4 m) h( w, u9 D6 E: m+ q9 G
Oak Ridge Military Academy (Oak Ridge, North Carolina; coeducational)
) c- C' p" [/ [; XRandolph-Macon Academy (Front Royal, Virginia; coeducational)
{ ]6 E6 w3 M2 Q0 R( m) a8 i6 p/ WRiverside Military Academy (Gainesville, Georgia)
3 G. u) b5 L. d( y. g" kSan Marcos Baptist Academy (San Marcos, Texas)4 _# ?' m2 Z) {
Saint Thomas Academy (Mendota Heights, Minnesota)& x3 C q7 {$ ]# i$ V
St. Catherine's Academy (Anaheim, California; Kindergarten - 8th Grade; all boys)
8 B- ?4 P. W" B4 \* gSt. John's College High School (Washington, DC; first JROTC school in the USA; coeducational)
2 l1 ]/ ^+ M7 o$ O- M7 i" gSt. John's Military School (Salina, Kansas)
8 z6 f { v* A6 B9 OSt. John's Northwestern Military Academy (Delafield, Wisconsin)2 p& t/ J5 X6 |3 B3 t' V% k" R* ]; z7 a3 l
Southeastern Military Academy (Port St. Lucie, Florida)9 z. K, n: c" R7 `, h
TMI — The Episcopal School of Texas (San Antonio, Texas[2]: u4 p G1 `) y6 b
Valley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania); ^1 ]. l( B* A' c
, a4 o' d% V m& ]; Y2 w1 {; J更有一大堆公立高中有国防部部份资助的JROTC（青少年ROTC）项目，在高中期间就接受一定的军事训练，为以后参军做准备：
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Air Force Academy High School (Chicago, Illinois); `* I( i% x0 i9 N% L
Bridgeport Military Academy First Responders (Bridgeport, Connecticut)
y* T9 _1 w: eCarver Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
$ Q' l* t* w0 l3 u2 P5 |+ ZChicago Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)2 v6 s2 X9 `5 Y6 |# _3 Q+ o$ m9 m
Cleveland Junior Naval Academy (St. Louis, Missouri)
2 o) ^* L. }+ n& X$ ADelaware Military Academy (Wilmington, Delaware)+ z$ A4 n8 c$ t
First State Military Academy (Smyrna, Delaware)
+ q* L2 ^. ]1 nFranklin Military Academy (Richmond, Virginia; the country’s first secondary military academy)[3]9 g Z7 z+ s0 `% @0 O4 I/ j
Georgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia; coeducational, public but not part of University System of Georgia)
# ?6 M4 X' C/ T! ?. B' WHollywood Hills Military Academy (Hollywood, Florida)
# y% V8 O/ [# E8 ] N) [Kenosha Military Academy (Wisconsin)[3]: P8 w0 D5 Y |& A
Marine Academy of Science and Technology (Sandy Hook, New Jersey)
5 V! `: d3 P. m2 z2 K4 xMarine Math and Science Academy (Chicago, Illinois)# X( F6 \- ^/ ]0 i
New Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico; coeducational)# |$ i" n. m2 D" o3 M
New Orleans Military and Maritime Academy (New Orleans, Louisiana)
+ A& P1 q, K/ {2 BOakland Military Institute (Oakland, California)
/ v* F B& K/ [: U- v3 c. KPhiladelphia Military Academy[3]3 O9 p5 w0 W& B
Phoenix Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
% A. _; i* \2 {2 U7 U* u6 H' wRickover Naval Academy (Chicago, Illinois)2 A, [! [& U- x0 a: V9 f
Sarasota Military Academy (Sarasota, Florida)5 S( p+ u* t& _* T2 e( F- U; [
Summerlin Military Academy (Bartow, Florida)5 T: D6 k/ g! B5 {6 _9 }7 h/ h* A
Utah Military Academy (Riverdale, Utah)
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在另一头，则是各军种的研究生院：3 D& ^7 I, H' h; X1 D! S: v! E
& w: o( Y$ }4 n# u# qUnited States Army Command and General Staff College (Fort Leavenworth, Kansas)，陆军中级军官学校，下设School for Command Preparation，School of Advanced Military Studies，Command and General Staff School，School for Advanced Leadership and Tactics，郝柏村是这里毕业的* y6 y2 b7 ^2 a( w; M( K
United States Army War College (Carlisle, Pennsylvania)，陆军高级军官学校，招收有希望晋升将官的中校和上校
: v4 g! ^. ? y0 e% \. u) g! w4 [9 `United States Army Warrant Officer Career College (Fort Rucker, Alabama)1 V- ]. y6 q; ]" T' V
Naval War College (Newport, Rhode Island)，海军中高级军官学校，偏重指挥，下设College of Naval Warfare，Maritime Advanced Warfighting School，College of Naval Command and Staff4 l: {: S' A" w( m1 c
Naval Postgraduate School (Monterey, California)，更加偏重科技方面
/ h9 v/ W+ r" P4 h( I8 RMarine Corps University (Quantico, Virginia)
& c1 @7 m8 d% S( A. t; OAir University (Montgomery, Alabama)，空军中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Air War College，空军高级军官学校；School of Advanced Air and Space Studies，空天战争的研究生院；Air Command and Staff College，空军中级军官学校；Squadron Officer School，中队长学校；Air Force Institute of Technology (Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio)，偏重科技
. _) n4 X. r' D) Z4 F# r- h& N5 g" ENational Defense University (Washington, D.C.)，三军联合，下设National War College，联合作战高级军官学校；Industrial College of the Armed Forces，偏重军工管理；Joint Forces Staff College (Norfolk, Virginia)，联合作战中级军官学校 f0 P+ Q! A+ _! y4 D, x+ n. P
Marine Corps University (Quantico, VA)，陆战队中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Marine Corps War College，陆战队高级军官学校；School of Advanced Warfighting，陆战队的战术研究生班；Marine Corps Command and Staff College，陆战队中级军官学校；Expeditionary Warfare School，陆战队上尉军官的战术进修学校9 j9 i: O8 X% |5 w3 ^, M- \- B
1 E: S; b3 ~! X9 d: P+ p3 w7 D各种专门学校（如步兵学校、装甲兵学校、游骑兵学校、伞兵学校、……）就数不胜数了，也经常在变动中。7 z$ r1 z& ^, P7 r3 I3 k/ }( b
8 o) C7 o3 @1 P) s9 ]绕晕了吗？我也是。 |
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发表于 2020-6-21 12:06:24
