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本帖最后由 晨枫 于 2020-6-20 14:00 编辑 Q: B$ Z8 v/ l! V! \4 r, a: z
1 i2 p5 E7 ?" O5 S z, E军迷没有不想往西点军校的,但又很少不被美国各种军校(school)、军事学院(academy)和军事大学(college、university)弄糊涂的,更是有一些貌似民间的大学在里面参合。说起来,美国军事教育制度又完整,又混乱。一方面在很多地方领导世界军事教育,另一方面又由于历史积淀攒了很多陈腐的东西。这里理一理。: k+ x" e* {# t( t: J) X
* `; ~3 g- T: i, H# |军种学院(Federal Service Academies),毕业生直接进入现役,美国海运学院除外:* p N4 O3 n6 `
. j+ P+ M) S' E: g+ | `$ N" fUnited States Military Academy(俗称西点军校,位于纽约州西点,里纽约市不远)
+ p; q5 w' l' t0 C# V5 AUnited States Naval Academy(俗称安纳波利斯海军学院,位于马里兰州安纳波利斯)
* @/ ?& h8 K' H! WUnited States Air Force Academy(一般就直译为美国空军学院,位于科罗拉多州科罗拉多泉)
( M' s5 }3 S+ j0 q* @1 i! d! n- IUnited States Coast Guard Academy(美国海岸警卫队学院,位于康涅狄格州新伦敦)6 c1 n+ D' H+ X" c: T% ^$ n8 P
United States Merchant Marine Academy(美国海运学院,院长是现已海军少将,毕业生从事航运业,但并非海军军官,位于纽约州金角)( L3 y! t2 {7 }% p- i* K% |
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高级军事学院(Senior Military Colleges),用于训练预备军官团,毕业生按需要成为现役,其余进入预备役:7 Y8 |* {9 Y5 U$ a7 j
$ I5 ]" V2 C2 p4个也同时接受非ROTC的民间大学生,这里public指公立,不一定是对非军人开放% F- M" e( {' ~3 ~2 W; ~
The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina (Charleston, South Carolina; four-year public college)
( x) d2 e l; T) T; zTexas A&M University (College Station, Texas; four-year public university)! L( X1 l( P9 I; x+ {2 y
University of North Georgia (Dahlonega, Georgia; four-year public university)
2 L$ s2 I# w# M- K/ g$ VVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Blacksburg, Virginia; four-year public university)6 X5 h) v4 M( Y& g" |2 h- B( P& F7 m
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1个只收ROTC学生
+ y+ U' h+ a& Z- `6 x- v& T: VVirginia Military Institute (Lexington, Virginia; four-year public college),巴顿将军就是这里最出名的毕业生
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( p& W! X% e* Q0 P, G1个军民兼收的私立
0 I: M& D: d I" t7 ~9 X2 m2 uNorwich University (Northfield, Vermont; four-year private university)
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州立海运学院,毕业生不能自动获得海岸警卫队或者军事海运方面的职务,但是挂钩的:& [+ y) S7 Q4 u6 F$ V. K6 i! Q- U5 v
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California State University Maritime Academy (part of the California State University system)
, d' O6 i1 k5 l5 q2 U2 XGreat Lakes Maritime Academy (a division of Northwestern Michigan College)( m2 }) s4 J' u& R
Maine Maritime Academy
3 p0 u2 q3 d+ I. FMassachusetts Maritime Academy
# H2 m/ h' o0 x2 CState University of New York Maritime College (part of the State University of New York (SUNY) system)
' b7 r% ^2 b$ U7 C' A1 Y4 ^Texas A&M Maritime Academy (part of the Texas A&M University System)' h! n# g7 b( \* O) }6 [
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军事大专(Military Junior Colleges),这是很特别的东西,两年毕业,但必须自己另外读完民间大学的大三、大四才能或者完整ROTC资格:: o/ P8 S- G; K$ Z1 F' H! L- J; x
# Q0 s2 k5 A% @" T$ N# \6 XGeorgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia)
0 h* A, q% v, X+ E1 c8 fMarion Military Institute (Marion, Alabama)
% T. V. K' J: \ S9 Q" |3 t6 n0 ?New Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico)3 m6 N7 O0 k# C; Y2 B
Valley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)' Z+ ^9 W& K( P- L
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还有一大堆军事高中,为进军校准备的,都是私立的:- W* ?5 v' @7 [& v& G1 k# w5 F
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Admiral Farragut Academy (St. Petersburg, Florida; coeducational)/ g* X q/ a+ C+ m; L5 \
American Military Academy (Guaynabo, Puerto Rico; coeducational)
9 `/ d9 n" A- n5 B% jArmy and Navy Academy (Carlsbad, California)9 k/ E* E( H0 ?: q# s! b2 M
Benedictine College Preparatory (Richmond, Virginia)
( v$ s2 |: U- l( K0 uCamden Military Academy (Camden, South Carolina) @; ^% U) g3 |9 ~7 B+ a
Christian Brothers Academy (Albany, New York), b" X' p X1 h7 D
Culver Military Academy (Culver, Indiana) Y8 i- ]/ x0 @' l+ x1 V: w
Fishburne Military School (Waynesboro, Virginia). `5 n* j/ v5 D- ^ E I
Florida Preparatory Academy (Melbourne, Florida; coeducational from 2005)
# g @& b# r& _0 `' ^ E+ W, t# tFork Union Military Academy (Fork Union, Virginia)9 ^6 O/ J1 r% x: a: ]1 e: Z) t
Hargrave Military Academy (Chatham, Virginia) n% X6 d0 t3 H( ^3 Y6 R
Howe Military School (Howe, Indiana; coeducational)0 s4 T% f8 W2 l/ ?2 w
La Salle Institute (Troy, New York)
; P' S: N+ M* `5 E( f( U GLeonard Hall Junior Naval Academy (Leonardtown, Maryland; coeducational)
, @$ a. d) i3 R5 W, v. S2 N. VLyman Ward Military Academy (Camp Hill, Alabama)
3 n0 ~9 M% a, n, ZMarine Military Academy (Harlingen, Texas)
7 A' [7 z: O* q" l% K: J }; MMassanutten Academy (Woodstock, Virginia; coeducational). b: A. ^. r. d
Missouri Military Academy (Mexico, Missouri): Q7 Z: Z3 X3 ~9 O) u
New York Military Academy (Cornwall on Hudson, New York; coeducational)
/ q; X5 r3 U7 R7 nNorth Valley Military Institute (Sun Valley, California; coeducational)0 [" r. o! c! z) w* X* f
Oak Ridge Military Academy (Oak Ridge, North Carolina; coeducational)2 J6 ^! {. K4 c
Randolph-Macon Academy (Front Royal, Virginia; coeducational)4 V* _( @. j$ Y% Q1 l9 ~7 \
Riverside Military Academy (Gainesville, Georgia)
4 C5 F$ O$ ?" R4 X1 \San Marcos Baptist Academy (San Marcos, Texas)
; _7 ]' B3 ^# l' u# S2 q* y' |Saint Thomas Academy (Mendota Heights, Minnesota)
& H" h" [% ^- w: zSt. Catherine's Academy (Anaheim, California; Kindergarten - 8th Grade; all boys)
1 Y) V6 V/ s' S% P& T& V; _St. John's College High School (Washington, DC; first JROTC school in the USA; coeducational)
) d) ^& @1 [) K& C, mSt. John's Military School (Salina, Kansas)+ S5 B9 A' V& ^( g1 c" M
St. John's Northwestern Military Academy (Delafield, Wisconsin)
3 C& e6 J, Y( R4 }6 wSoutheastern Military Academy (Port St. Lucie, Florida)
' J4 o" l* W4 S+ Q/ _, A% p5 ~TMI — The Episcopal School of Texas (San Antonio, Texas[2]
$ t! _1 l5 R+ ~9 \# V& cValley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)3 k3 R1 {! u. i3 S& ~6 G& Q* v3 R
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更有一大堆公立高中有国防部部份资助的JROTC(青少年ROTC)项目,在高中期间就接受一定的军事训练,为以后参军做准备:
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* u* R, ]# N6 I1 H. @! q5 u: lAir Force Academy High School (Chicago, Illinois)
' T7 g6 U0 {# S: |, b, e0 pBridgeport Military Academy First Responders (Bridgeport, Connecticut)* M$ Y+ w1 u! K ~6 S" t
Carver Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
' i! z9 {) A5 _ G6 i" L/ NChicago Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)- T7 C# e/ y* d# x! B
Cleveland Junior Naval Academy (St. Louis, Missouri)2 ]3 m, H# @! S! r, T: G- ~
Delaware Military Academy (Wilmington, Delaware)
7 Z- R( t% F$ B" M0 GFirst State Military Academy (Smyrna, Delaware)# X, [5 t6 t$ o2 p$ m4 R
Franklin Military Academy (Richmond, Virginia; the country’s first secondary military academy)[3]) k+ C% Z( L2 o# H
Georgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia; coeducational, public but not part of University System of Georgia)
% p4 e+ z- l( C& w" j( Q. `Hollywood Hills Military Academy (Hollywood, Florida)
4 V& I) h, I; lKenosha Military Academy (Wisconsin)[3]: x M. j; G- b& w
Marine Academy of Science and Technology (Sandy Hook, New Jersey)8 ~1 L, }# c3 w
Marine Math and Science Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
% z% ]' D* E+ d& e4 A' P! R$ o. t1 }New Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico; coeducational)
8 \; q+ I) o# W& F8 MNew Orleans Military and Maritime Academy (New Orleans, Louisiana) j+ n' ]1 H- Q3 V
Oakland Military Institute (Oakland, California): `9 Q$ ~! N* O; n0 e
Philadelphia Military Academy[3]
# m1 Q5 N) }1 X* O: w) NPhoenix Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)! X0 g9 J$ H( @
Rickover Naval Academy (Chicago, Illinois)4 k) s1 \% G9 _, G; Q+ v
Sarasota Military Academy (Sarasota, Florida)" k8 B& H$ J; N* n3 K
Summerlin Military Academy (Bartow, Florida)8 c( E) P' O% M
Utah Military Academy (Riverdale, Utah), t$ ~1 `. t; }- u
' c4 [6 d) @5 W3 A# G在另一头,则是各军种的研究生院:
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United States Army Command and General Staff College (Fort Leavenworth, Kansas),陆军中级军官学校,下设School for Command Preparation,School of Advanced Military Studies,Command and General Staff School,School for Advanced Leadership and Tactics,郝柏村是这里毕业的" k% \9 d0 [+ L# X6 e
United States Army War College (Carlisle, Pennsylvania),陆军高级军官学校,招收有希望晋升将官的中校和上校( K) P5 j/ K$ _
United States Army Warrant Officer Career College (Fort Rucker, Alabama), G1 D6 `9 E- @8 b/ y$ z
Naval War College (Newport, Rhode Island),海军中高级军官学校,偏重指挥,下设College of Naval Warfare,Maritime Advanced Warfighting School,College of Naval Command and Staff/ e* {! I2 p; M' {
Naval Postgraduate School (Monterey, California),更加偏重科技方面
8 p5 k6 I. Y+ X3 [5 V/ fMarine Corps University (Quantico, Virginia)% X0 F' T- s: t+ x$ u
Air University (Montgomery, Alabama),空军中高级军官学校的统一架构,下设Air War College,空军高级军官学校;School of Advanced Air and Space Studies,空天战争的研究生院;Air Command and Staff College,空军中级军官学校;Squadron Officer School,中队长学校;Air Force Institute of Technology (Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio),偏重科技: N. c T6 _4 Z; i7 E# v
National Defense University (Washington, D.C.),三军联合,下设National War College,联合作战高级军官学校;Industrial College of the Armed Forces,偏重军工管理;Joint Forces Staff College (Norfolk, Virginia),联合作战中级军官学校
& `. p \4 n' H% V, X$ l2 G9 OMarine Corps University (Quantico, VA),陆战队中高级军官学校的统一架构,下设Marine Corps War College,陆战队高级军官学校;School of Advanced Warfighting,陆战队的战术研究生班;Marine Corps Command and Staff College,陆战队中级军官学校;Expeditionary Warfare School,陆战队上尉军官的战术进修学校
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A# }) F8 A' z8 Y- [各种专门学校(如步兵学校、装甲兵学校、游骑兵学校、伞兵学校、……)就数不胜数了,也经常在变动中。& r3 Y; R S. e/ k3 X
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绕晕了吗?我也是。 |
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