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本帖最后由 晨枫 于 2020-6-20 14:00 编辑
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军迷没有不想往西点军校的，但又很少不被美国各种军校（school）、军事学院（academy）和军事大学（college、university）弄糊涂的，更是有一些貌似民间的大学在里面参合。说起来，美国军事教育制度又完整，又混乱。一方面在很多地方领导世界军事教育，另一方面又由于历史积淀攒了很多陈腐的东西。这里理一理。6 F, N2 D2 ?6 l/ y( B
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军种学院（Federal Service Academies），毕业生直接进入现役，美国海运学院除外：
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9 F; ~& @0 l. w: BUnited States Military Academy（俗称西点军校，位于纽约州西点，里纽约市不远）# I; Y! T* n- A
United States Naval Academy（俗称安纳波利斯海军学院，位于马里兰州安纳波利斯）, l) T6 W' O6 g3 ?: b
United States Air Force Academy（一般就直译为美国空军学院，位于科罗拉多州科罗拉多泉）
) o, G% M+ ^$ lUnited States Coast Guard Academy（美国海岸警卫队学院，位于康涅狄格州新伦敦）
* a" s# B2 o, E) m+ PUnited States Merchant Marine Academy（美国海运学院，院长是现已海军少将，毕业生从事航运业，但并非海军军官，位于纽约州金角）
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0 C7 A0 R6 m# Z# S/ [0 W高级军事学院（Senior Military Colleges），用于训练预备军官团，毕业生按需要成为现役，其余进入预备役：% B/ ?8 E4 R- t" W# [, D8 D0 x/ q3 x- t
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4个也同时接受非ROTC的民间大学生，这里public指公立，不一定是对非军人开放
; {- K4 g5 \% oThe Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina (Charleston, South Carolina; four-year public college)
+ `/ }) u. Y k$ Y% U8 \3 z( GTexas A&M University (College Station, Texas; four-year public university)5 l( _2 o! \ \3 {
University of North Georgia (Dahlonega, Georgia; four-year public university)- G9 l! u7 P) g4 ?7 n# ~
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Blacksburg, Virginia; four-year public university)
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5 J3 g- C; {* ?1个只收ROTC学生7 f; e. n% r2 W6 U) R- B
Virginia Military Institute (Lexington, Virginia; four-year public college)，巴顿将军就是这里最出名的毕业生
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- T; T) b7 f }" d/ A7 H1个军民兼收的私立
8 B# A5 Y% R" ~( t3 H6 ENorwich University (Northfield, Vermont; four-year private university)8 Y1 o' `2 L; U/ Q9 s2 j( _& ~
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州立海运学院，毕业生不能自动获得海岸警卫队或者军事海运方面的职务，但是挂钩的：
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& f* g+ K- P+ ICalifornia State University Maritime Academy (part of the California State University system)* w& x* b- i; u
Great Lakes Maritime Academy (a division of Northwestern Michigan College)" d+ J2 }2 e/ z5 f- h
Maine Maritime Academy/ P5 k& _, B7 j2 [* C
Massachusetts Maritime Academy1 E/ k! D, V: A9 T( o
State University of New York Maritime College (part of the State University of New York (SUNY) system)
: {$ O0 x; w. {5 STexas A&M Maritime Academy (part of the Texas A&M University System)
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军事大专（Military Junior Colleges），这是很特别的东西，两年毕业，但必须自己另外读完民间大学的大三、大四才能或者完整ROTC资格：
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Georgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia)
8 k+ p ~/ x2 z# s& |Marion Military Institute (Marion, Alabama)$ ~' F' ^# Q J0 X, Q
New Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico)5 U+ A5 f/ y D( }/ @0 D; v8 q1 u
Valley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)( J7 C7 |$ e5 e; F4 L/ |" y5 d$ v
( E g p; w$ L8 j& o' e4 X还有一大堆军事高中，为进军校准备的，都是私立的：6 P& U$ X7 E9 _7 {& C
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Admiral Farragut Academy (St. Petersburg, Florida; coeducational)/ P7 \+ S; r$ j1 E8 ^7 @
American Military Academy (Guaynabo, Puerto Rico; coeducational)! U, \. z" Q3 B0 B
Army and Navy Academy (Carlsbad, California)* h v. R6 B* L' A% }* p/ ^
Benedictine College Preparatory (Richmond, Virginia)
) O& I' @7 W% t' U' M( gCamden Military Academy (Camden, South Carolina)1 @5 g8 P7 J2 x1 i. Q
Christian Brothers Academy (Albany, New York)
# r. E6 F6 j6 G0 cCulver Military Academy (Culver, Indiana)6 y6 O6 G9 Z0 O' j! F- X" R. l
Fishburne Military School (Waynesboro, Virginia)0 W. T/ i0 ^& g" P( j Z
Florida Preparatory Academy (Melbourne, Florida; coeducational from 2005); `2 i: f$ Z# d4 W- E
Fork Union Military Academy (Fork Union, Virginia); i# X5 l5 f* w/ z/ \0 G: z, C* c
Hargrave Military Academy (Chatham, Virginia)0 b# N$ L& Q, B
Howe Military School (Howe, Indiana; coeducational)3 h4 j5 T) h5 m/ @1 L, [
La Salle Institute (Troy, New York)- s6 L7 {" g. m% I' T$ t) U
Leonard Hall Junior Naval Academy (Leonardtown, Maryland; coeducational)
0 L& Z; G; L/ S9 k: rLyman Ward Military Academy (Camp Hill, Alabama)
+ f; T+ D# _0 F- N& v# w2 EMarine Military Academy (Harlingen, Texas)
4 A* e. n x3 C2 \5 DMassanutten Academy (Woodstock, Virginia; coeducational)
6 u5 }2 l% f! R( X' Q5 u% G% M1 i& kMissouri Military Academy (Mexico, Missouri)4 o% g) Y1 \3 `9 E& g9 s9 N
New York Military Academy (Cornwall on Hudson, New York; coeducational)
: T8 |7 U7 [. j) [7 i. Z0 o( INorth Valley Military Institute (Sun Valley, California; coeducational)
; }/ |8 w Y. O5 _+ N/ N/ Y+ {Oak Ridge Military Academy (Oak Ridge, North Carolina; coeducational)
% L2 [0 C9 G% S1 gRandolph-Macon Academy (Front Royal, Virginia; coeducational)
5 ]" o3 b5 R0 B$ x, @8 M) L0 \" P- SRiverside Military Academy (Gainesville, Georgia)6 A- }$ F& ^* p
San Marcos Baptist Academy (San Marcos, Texas)+ W2 G, C6 j- L0 C
Saint Thomas Academy (Mendota Heights, Minnesota)' Q4 b% N* Q! n+ ^0 r% d
St. Catherine's Academy (Anaheim, California; Kindergarten - 8th Grade; all boys)" W, u: i( h ^" n
St. John's College High School (Washington, DC; first JROTC school in the USA; coeducational)) g% ` t0 g w; ^
St. John's Military School (Salina, Kansas)
/ N4 `3 ]6 I/ c! g3 E% l# ySt. John's Northwestern Military Academy (Delafield, Wisconsin)
1 Y2 o, u) t9 BSoutheastern Military Academy (Port St. Lucie, Florida)7 q- [) ^2 n* w; y( z; d: l
TMI — The Episcopal School of Texas (San Antonio, Texas[2]" B" y7 |9 a6 K! l8 ]9 L
Valley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)( P: ]/ I+ i: |; P/ S. Q2 Z$ ] e1 g
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更有一大堆公立高中有国防部部份资助的JROTC（青少年ROTC）项目，在高中期间就接受一定的军事训练，为以后参军做准备：
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Air Force Academy High School (Chicago, Illinois)
1 m7 |/ I6 ~3 jBridgeport Military Academy First Responders (Bridgeport, Connecticut)
$ u8 ?4 G' \ G4 a, kCarver Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
% S1 y% E8 I( B6 |) {7 ~Chicago Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois); q% Z C& K' m1 C7 O. I
Cleveland Junior Naval Academy (St. Louis, Missouri)
! n- ]2 _ q' n. m/ yDelaware Military Academy (Wilmington, Delaware)6 w* B+ e9 G( V8 S% [1 `
First State Military Academy (Smyrna, Delaware)
6 ]8 w; G) t, @+ gFranklin Military Academy (Richmond, Virginia; the country’s first secondary military academy)[3]
. I# J# K) y( k: F7 P H; g. A# ZGeorgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia; coeducational, public but not part of University System of Georgia)
$ r% h8 k8 v' G1 IHollywood Hills Military Academy (Hollywood, Florida)* p7 k( p) X" A1 E" p1 F
Kenosha Military Academy (Wisconsin)[3]8 | v$ O" B. {6 ~0 U: e( c# _. R" F
Marine Academy of Science and Technology (Sandy Hook, New Jersey)' Y6 P. O- i; m6 m0 S5 b4 f6 [( H
Marine Math and Science Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
; T2 c! M/ @/ QNew Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico; coeducational). T) U( G) e' q0 B
New Orleans Military and Maritime Academy (New Orleans, Louisiana)6 l6 x) A S1 U/ I! d, s# w* w
Oakland Military Institute (Oakland, California)
8 M1 C5 `2 I/ @& [, D6 n. \Philadelphia Military Academy[3]. M& S- g9 q6 m! }
Phoenix Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
9 ]* B1 s3 f' [( v {Rickover Naval Academy (Chicago, Illinois)+ x8 J) q1 b2 N% z
Sarasota Military Academy (Sarasota, Florida)" d, G1 ?" r8 C! C. C
Summerlin Military Academy (Bartow, Florida)& U0 W/ s" O i i2 k6 O
Utah Military Academy (Riverdale, Utah), ` _8 p6 \; ?) n+ _2 Q1 r
2 \2 O" z7 t n/ ]9 D在另一头，则是各军种的研究生院：
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6 U* B$ H" |9 L0 bUnited States Army Command and General Staff College (Fort Leavenworth, Kansas)，陆军中级军官学校，下设School for Command Preparation，School of Advanced Military Studies，Command and General Staff School，School for Advanced Leadership and Tactics，郝柏村是这里毕业的& ^" S. s- g `6 S: o- U) L6 p
United States Army War College (Carlisle, Pennsylvania)，陆军高级军官学校，招收有希望晋升将官的中校和上校4 T2 p. \3 M4 M3 w6 \* H! }/ |2 Q2 P! A
United States Army Warrant Officer Career College (Fort Rucker, Alabama)
0 q3 k g8 Q" S7 P1 \Naval War College (Newport, Rhode Island)，海军中高级军官学校，偏重指挥，下设College of Naval Warfare，Maritime Advanced Warfighting School，College of Naval Command and Staff
, b. g1 e7 j& }Naval Postgraduate School (Monterey, California)，更加偏重科技方面: u9 N; E- a3 v$ S* _! o+ `+ D! k
Marine Corps University (Quantico, Virginia)" w# u' g) f0 y8 r5 l4 A) m) p
Air University (Montgomery, Alabama)，空军中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Air War College，空军高级军官学校；School of Advanced Air and Space Studies，空天战争的研究生院；Air Command and Staff College，空军中级军官学校；Squadron Officer School，中队长学校；Air Force Institute of Technology (Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio)，偏重科技
0 E1 S# P8 y8 x" P3 p: }0 Z1 K5 a8 iNational Defense University (Washington, D.C.)，三军联合，下设National War College，联合作战高级军官学校；Industrial College of the Armed Forces，偏重军工管理；Joint Forces Staff College (Norfolk, Virginia)，联合作战中级军官学校
: e: B7 L7 b2 V! E/ F/ ?Marine Corps University (Quantico, VA)，陆战队中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Marine Corps War College，陆战队高级军官学校；School of Advanced Warfighting，陆战队的战术研究生班；Marine Corps Command and Staff College，陆战队中级军官学校；Expeditionary Warfare School，陆战队上尉军官的战术进修学校
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3 J- r5 _7 ^" T8 t各种专门学校（如步兵学校、装甲兵学校、游骑兵学校、伞兵学校、……）就数不胜数了，也经常在变动中。. b* J1 O' z' P" ~
- c: p- r2 `& y绕晕了吗？我也是。 |
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发表于 2020-6-21 12:06:24
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