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本帖最后由 晨枫 于 2020-6-20 14:00 编辑 , U, N" k- \8 _4 }, X. ^8 J$ ]5 c
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军迷没有不想往西点军校的，但又很少不被美国各种军校（school）、军事学院（academy）和军事大学（college、university）弄糊涂的，更是有一些貌似民间的大学在里面参合。说起来，美国军事教育制度又完整，又混乱。一方面在很多地方领导世界军事教育，另一方面又由于历史积淀攒了很多陈腐的东西。这里理一理。: t. j2 t y- L+ u0 | b- k
# o1 S2 J+ V. Q8 d' x8 y军种学院（Federal Service Academies），毕业生直接进入现役，美国海运学院除外：
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United States Military Academy（俗称西点军校，位于纽约州西点，里纽约市不远）! \: G8 A# E! g- y
United States Naval Academy（俗称安纳波利斯海军学院，位于马里兰州安纳波利斯）
0 K. A% T- O% Y I& VUnited States Air Force Academy（一般就直译为美国空军学院，位于科罗拉多州科罗拉多泉）
9 }* ]# c1 _) m3 NUnited States Coast Guard Academy（美国海岸警卫队学院，位于康涅狄格州新伦敦）
* U4 {2 M) D! N3 @United States Merchant Marine Academy（美国海运学院，院长是现已海军少将，毕业生从事航运业，但并非海军军官，位于纽约州金角）
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9 B) t6 X- S- e+ M( \) K+ a高级军事学院（Senior Military Colleges），用于训练预备军官团，毕业生按需要成为现役，其余进入预备役：/ M* [5 e; w' @( J* W
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4个也同时接受非ROTC的民间大学生，这里public指公立，不一定是对非军人开放( W6 `3 y. ^5 |, ]
The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina (Charleston, South Carolina; four-year public college)$ O; f4 Y+ T. C' H }: z
Texas A&M University (College Station, Texas; four-year public university)
* ?& o3 M/ V2 j" l6 FUniversity of North Georgia (Dahlonega, Georgia; four-year public university)" Z8 v" _6 t9 N7 D0 `( V
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Blacksburg, Virginia; four-year public university)! F9 q. i; V v1 S
4 D% I: P0 {2 D6 {+ l5 N1个只收ROTC学生
+ @. L7 ?( _( _% Y* C. nVirginia Military Institute (Lexington, Virginia; four-year public college)，巴顿将军就是这里最出名的毕业生
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; t( H; h2 D# |# k0 X. R' r. ^1个军民兼收的私立6 R6 Z. A5 W7 }: `" R" Y
Norwich University (Northfield, Vermont; four-year private university)
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州立海运学院，毕业生不能自动获得海岸警卫队或者军事海运方面的职务，但是挂钩的：0 i* J9 `2 r7 p% v/ ]. j* \. ^
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California State University Maritime Academy (part of the California State University system) W9 n, c# e! k
Great Lakes Maritime Academy (a division of Northwestern Michigan College), K- W- [1 c. A; z( u
Maine Maritime Academy2 ?: M A% X' d# h0 X8 d9 Y
Massachusetts Maritime Academy. R0 `; W5 Y! F9 N' ~! @( E2 q
State University of New York Maritime College (part of the State University of New York (SUNY) system)5 S! m& R2 {; w4 p% |
Texas A&M Maritime Academy (part of the Texas A&M University System) B4 n& [4 c5 ?0 G7 B. F
" D/ {6 W& Z( V H9 }( [1 r军事大专（Military Junior Colleges），这是很特别的东西，两年毕业，但必须自己另外读完民间大学的大三、大四才能或者完整ROTC资格：% Y$ R+ {- U" h* F Q% c% d
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Georgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia)
6 t+ P; \2 o5 E; S* N) fMarion Military Institute (Marion, Alabama)) c; d( J/ m, s0 F; K: t' J/ a
New Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico)
3 b* K0 g M$ B5 I" `) ?Valley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)0 h* {5 |( r+ Y. S3 i
" a5 z8 m" J. l$ z/ X) l( R0 e4 z还有一大堆军事高中，为进军校准备的，都是私立的： V4 m6 N/ X! g6 c* _8 p
8 |0 y& ]2 j2 h0 h' ]0 k# {Admiral Farragut Academy (St. Petersburg, Florida; coeducational)2 l8 U4 d0 H, g9 ?0 ~& F+ [
American Military Academy (Guaynabo, Puerto Rico; coeducational)
$ ?. X! A' q1 |Army and Navy Academy (Carlsbad, California)
$ @; ^, g7 `6 _: J3 a( b i" XBenedictine College Preparatory (Richmond, Virginia)7 g; f7 n$ w) F: u4 ^2 c( V
Camden Military Academy (Camden, South Carolina)* ~$ o& i% ]5 S3 B8 J& I U. u4 F
Christian Brothers Academy (Albany, New York)) P* P) Z4 X `) i) d/ @
Culver Military Academy (Culver, Indiana)& i: W* v7 i$ O
Fishburne Military School (Waynesboro, Virginia); [9 T/ \8 Z5 L; j V* k
Florida Preparatory Academy (Melbourne, Florida; coeducational from 2005)
# X0 ~5 F! e, y) i0 hFork Union Military Academy (Fork Union, Virginia)
8 e; a' J; F( a: r0 ~. hHargrave Military Academy (Chatham, Virginia)
+ u6 w" h! \+ g* j; N; m+ ]0 cHowe Military School (Howe, Indiana; coeducational)
& y) y; ]) e* z- D( z* a1 O( _9 zLa Salle Institute (Troy, New York)& W. E& u1 @" q8 S
Leonard Hall Junior Naval Academy (Leonardtown, Maryland; coeducational)) _: q' {8 Q j& Y; V% t& |$ ~
Lyman Ward Military Academy (Camp Hill, Alabama)
6 U+ ]. l4 W/ w+ j7 r+ z" ^6 q9 NMarine Military Academy (Harlingen, Texas)# a) ~ b. p# `8 i' Z6 ?* r; s
Massanutten Academy (Woodstock, Virginia; coeducational)
1 O+ G7 v5 n5 Y9 IMissouri Military Academy (Mexico, Missouri)4 g4 H( k) c" r4 N5 Q" r' c1 j5 c, {
New York Military Academy (Cornwall on Hudson, New York; coeducational), y: m- U* U L2 M2 J
North Valley Military Institute (Sun Valley, California; coeducational)* a; o% S/ ]: j9 `9 P; x1 K
Oak Ridge Military Academy (Oak Ridge, North Carolina; coeducational)+ F# R) I& p3 |
Randolph-Macon Academy (Front Royal, Virginia; coeducational)
" F$ L. h4 o3 s& d) N1 _$ k6 vRiverside Military Academy (Gainesville, Georgia): G$ w3 [% n" @1 M: g. @* |9 k
San Marcos Baptist Academy (San Marcos, Texas)
2 W# j$ f! M' D$ f9 xSaint Thomas Academy (Mendota Heights, Minnesota)8 @ s6 w( k' l/ p. [9 s
St. Catherine's Academy (Anaheim, California; Kindergarten - 8th Grade; all boys)2 z+ K3 z& [! j4 S" O% P$ g
St. John's College High School (Washington, DC; first JROTC school in the USA; coeducational)
; o, `* N" f4 w8 k3 i# g2 a0 G, kSt. John's Military School (Salina, Kansas)+ }$ W8 ^; l6 K$ s
St. John's Northwestern Military Academy (Delafield, Wisconsin)7 k6 t& V* s, P% Y* P
Southeastern Military Academy (Port St. Lucie, Florida)
# }! \; P: t( t% f1 Q; S) ZTMI — The Episcopal School of Texas (San Antonio, Texas[2]7 S$ y; u" |' S* M/ t* |* W0 ~
Valley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)
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更有一大堆公立高中有国防部部份资助的JROTC（青少年ROTC）项目，在高中期间就接受一定的军事训练，为以后参军做准备：2 ]# ~3 u4 B& A- N3 N' `
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Air Force Academy High School (Chicago, Illinois)6 I; L# z4 R6 E
Bridgeport Military Academy First Responders (Bridgeport, Connecticut)
- M2 _9 r& N+ V+ _% p j! W7 P7 fCarver Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
Q2 n. B/ `( Y8 h" I: R3 KChicago Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)0 t* I& A5 l5 c! D5 o
Cleveland Junior Naval Academy (St. Louis, Missouri), X! Q+ l9 }* P
Delaware Military Academy (Wilmington, Delaware)
/ h3 \0 j. l- v1 Z+ F4 H7 R$ r9 qFirst State Military Academy (Smyrna, Delaware). r0 M' s% e3 m* [2 f
Franklin Military Academy (Richmond, Virginia; the country’s first secondary military academy)[3]
B6 n! _* N& h3 l* S7 I2 v3 w2 U1 nGeorgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia; coeducational, public but not part of University System of Georgia)8 i, V$ `) j3 C3 ^- q( n# {( Y# v
Hollywood Hills Military Academy (Hollywood, Florida)
8 l4 p% J1 R" G; PKenosha Military Academy (Wisconsin)[3]
# I" e7 H- K7 y/ AMarine Academy of Science and Technology (Sandy Hook, New Jersey)
4 o. ~8 x8 ]' W; G7 ]Marine Math and Science Academy (Chicago, Illinois)( b: e: b% V8 H1 t
New Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico; coeducational)9 T& s5 z( \) a$ |0 c. w# c; ^
New Orleans Military and Maritime Academy (New Orleans, Louisiana)
1 I5 a* m8 {6 u* C/ oOakland Military Institute (Oakland, California)" ?4 q( y: a$ N9 W; c: v- S; I+ v
Philadelphia Military Academy[3]
2 L0 q! \( s$ |4 `1 f( c" fPhoenix Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
( u. Q8 i" j6 SRickover Naval Academy (Chicago, Illinois)4 z1 i& T% ?' `. [2 G2 M+ ]. r1 b. N
Sarasota Military Academy (Sarasota, Florida)
- @. @1 J) I9 F7 g, Q; a, \Summerlin Military Academy (Bartow, Florida)$ B, t2 J" i4 b! _; V( I! U
Utah Military Academy (Riverdale, Utah)
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* y$ z# i( [! y在另一头，则是各军种的研究生院：
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United States Army Command and General Staff College (Fort Leavenworth, Kansas)，陆军中级军官学校，下设School for Command Preparation，School of Advanced Military Studies，Command and General Staff School，School for Advanced Leadership and Tactics，郝柏村是这里毕业的" I f, g; l) w4 c
United States Army War College (Carlisle, Pennsylvania)，陆军高级军官学校，招收有希望晋升将官的中校和上校
% f7 a- f6 T9 G* ^United States Army Warrant Officer Career College (Fort Rucker, Alabama)% K. e. z0 k" K! R) [ k
Naval War College (Newport, Rhode Island)，海军中高级军官学校，偏重指挥，下设College of Naval Warfare，Maritime Advanced Warfighting School，College of Naval Command and Staff
. {7 {/ P# o: k( B6 j# s2 M0 UNaval Postgraduate School (Monterey, California)，更加偏重科技方面
: ^# f% l! Q; q7 B3 \ _5 TMarine Corps University (Quantico, Virginia)
- Y/ y4 G0 \$ m) R6 MAir University (Montgomery, Alabama)，空军中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Air War College，空军高级军官学校；School of Advanced Air and Space Studies，空天战争的研究生院；Air Command and Staff College，空军中级军官学校；Squadron Officer School，中队长学校；Air Force Institute of Technology (Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio)，偏重科技
# E, \; I" g9 Z( qNational Defense University (Washington, D.C.)，三军联合，下设National War College，联合作战高级军官学校；Industrial College of the Armed Forces，偏重军工管理；Joint Forces Staff College (Norfolk, Virginia)，联合作战中级军官学校
9 H+ k$ g& y+ K- mMarine Corps University (Quantico, VA)，陆战队中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Marine Corps War College，陆战队高级军官学校；School of Advanced Warfighting，陆战队的战术研究生班；Marine Corps Command and Staff College，陆战队中级军官学校；Expeditionary Warfare School，陆战队上尉军官的战术进修学校7 Y0 \! R! V" c
. n% Z e; A( m+ q各种专门学校（如步兵学校、装甲兵学校、游骑兵学校、伞兵学校、……）就数不胜数了，也经常在变动中。
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绕晕了吗？我也是。 |
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发表于 2020-6-21 12:06:24
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