|
|
本帖最后由 晨枫 于 2020-6-20 14:00 编辑
0 T8 @' e# G2 c' b& _1 Z# p7 [$ r
P; r+ f0 A6 U1 C! K6 C军迷没有不想往西点军校的,但又很少不被美国各种军校(school)、军事学院(academy)和军事大学(college、university)弄糊涂的,更是有一些貌似民间的大学在里面参合。说起来,美国军事教育制度又完整,又混乱。一方面在很多地方领导世界军事教育,另一方面又由于历史积淀攒了很多陈腐的东西。这里理一理。
5 g6 Q+ \5 b- [% Y& S2 Y! ^2 @: @ P1 w0 ` g' O- u8 Y9 J
军种学院(Federal Service Academies),毕业生直接进入现役,美国海运学院除外:# X- _' ~7 {0 H- W, a6 {/ F
8 R) K2 L: u+ n1 |United States Military Academy(俗称西点军校,位于纽约州西点,里纽约市不远)
4 W& _* K8 q% K: Z. OUnited States Naval Academy(俗称安纳波利斯海军学院,位于马里兰州安纳波利斯)9 c6 m% I) [% N$ T- ~
United States Air Force Academy(一般就直译为美国空军学院,位于科罗拉多州科罗拉多泉)
: r }8 c2 \5 S/ d, p( h( A- q jUnited States Coast Guard Academy(美国海岸警卫队学院,位于康涅狄格州新伦敦): _! U9 N V: D: |, T2 p
United States Merchant Marine Academy(美国海运学院,院长是现已海军少将,毕业生从事航运业,但并非海军军官,位于纽约州金角)
. t0 a* R; _7 f* w+ a4 V2 p+ K# f7 n) U8 L
高级军事学院(Senior Military Colleges),用于训练预备军官团,毕业生按需要成为现役,其余进入预备役:) x2 z/ j0 C T# [
" N( z# G+ H! ]- Q
4个也同时接受非ROTC的民间大学生,这里public指公立,不一定是对非军人开放
* Y+ {' R. G g& {The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina (Charleston, South Carolina; four-year public college)
4 c- ^6 m, }9 Q+ d7 c- s# b$ XTexas A&M University (College Station, Texas; four-year public university)
5 X8 S9 @8 g0 b; X. z# l5 DUniversity of North Georgia (Dahlonega, Georgia; four-year public university)& r# Y! Y" ]% l/ ~" N* O( }
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Blacksburg, Virginia; four-year public university)
% O2 D- z, Z4 F1 |5 S% z
3 ?$ l# a6 U( S3 `1个只收ROTC学生* D' H1 ?- v5 L8 N) T/ l
Virginia Military Institute (Lexington, Virginia; four-year public college),巴顿将军就是这里最出名的毕业生- ~* P/ C( m$ j* P- e: q8 {! D
; @. H% s; ?6 f& ~
1个军民兼收的私立# t3 H1 A& f1 F# |4 V1 B
Norwich University (Northfield, Vermont; four-year private university)% I7 l& @. ]* D; ]
2 P) F& S; Z% a9 `+ g( a7 L3 [州立海运学院,毕业生不能自动获得海岸警卫队或者军事海运方面的职务,但是挂钩的:
0 W4 K0 w, B6 g: x9 @% F
! e/ ]3 Y O" j3 n& O$ `, f4 l }California State University Maritime Academy (part of the California State University system)
9 K* U8 H: z$ P5 O. l7 b: EGreat Lakes Maritime Academy (a division of Northwestern Michigan College)! p1 U3 J# M4 _
Maine Maritime Academy
6 a' S$ q$ S" _( }/ @2 xMassachusetts Maritime Academy6 s) e* t' v9 n, B* Q' M% d
State University of New York Maritime College (part of the State University of New York (SUNY) system)8 R' p1 h8 }. f: c$ i7 q% j7 H& N
Texas A&M Maritime Academy (part of the Texas A&M University System)7 `! B( Z# ]3 f
o r3 E' m* M( V- a9 W
军事大专(Military Junior Colleges),这是很特别的东西,两年毕业,但必须自己另外读完民间大学的大三、大四才能或者完整ROTC资格:0 E) z8 [& P9 w6 r$ d
+ ]9 F+ h7 j$ u3 C% vGeorgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia)
9 k1 D. D, U1 U0 O3 f; lMarion Military Institute (Marion, Alabama)
/ I% T' Y4 ]/ s) ^: NNew Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico)1 o! ~9 A( ^# [6 X
Valley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)
7 r' j$ G- ^( m
3 {4 g8 a) V3 N8 Q- w4 d还有一大堆军事高中,为进军校准备的,都是私立的:
: T0 \* q+ q* ~! n* _4 W- j: ^2 u2 b1 m' B f
Admiral Farragut Academy (St. Petersburg, Florida; coeducational)
; `4 ~8 v( R$ s J0 k$ y' oAmerican Military Academy (Guaynabo, Puerto Rico; coeducational)
: C! J# x( C9 l7 tArmy and Navy Academy (Carlsbad, California)7 Z- ? a+ B4 `. e/ v4 r% L B
Benedictine College Preparatory (Richmond, Virginia)
2 @2 v! m, ?) ^/ Q4 ^Camden Military Academy (Camden, South Carolina)1 b I8 l! a X2 S2 M
Christian Brothers Academy (Albany, New York)
7 A8 B; C1 x& @$ XCulver Military Academy (Culver, Indiana)( ]; j# v2 D- W3 `) d
Fishburne Military School (Waynesboro, Virginia)
) l U" Q# G& q. n; jFlorida Preparatory Academy (Melbourne, Florida; coeducational from 2005)# `# K5 R6 i a& u" z
Fork Union Military Academy (Fork Union, Virginia)
' z- {! k% y# J$ v: T+ {Hargrave Military Academy (Chatham, Virginia)9 g) a" j' m+ D# y/ y l
Howe Military School (Howe, Indiana; coeducational): d' q% k, t, g
La Salle Institute (Troy, New York)
! F( ]1 R( [5 N9 ^# zLeonard Hall Junior Naval Academy (Leonardtown, Maryland; coeducational); n0 G. Y9 T) M: u }! M
Lyman Ward Military Academy (Camp Hill, Alabama)3 T5 i' ?3 j0 z# i
Marine Military Academy (Harlingen, Texas)3 \0 G7 @1 [9 B6 J- R3 Q
Massanutten Academy (Woodstock, Virginia; coeducational)- K+ j' E Z& R9 F5 U( n6 p
Missouri Military Academy (Mexico, Missouri)
& ?! [: P/ j# \New York Military Academy (Cornwall on Hudson, New York; coeducational)# i! p+ }$ V8 l2 O6 ~
North Valley Military Institute (Sun Valley, California; coeducational)5 ?! i9 `" _9 y' l! s) T' G+ v) _
Oak Ridge Military Academy (Oak Ridge, North Carolina; coeducational)
, U5 E9 Q# X. i$ _7 P% sRandolph-Macon Academy (Front Royal, Virginia; coeducational)
/ Y) M% {3 R# Z0 T2 ^. W; ^Riverside Military Academy (Gainesville, Georgia)1 s* J2 ]) ~# h6 B; [& p
San Marcos Baptist Academy (San Marcos, Texas)
: i1 D" a0 e( B: r! N d$ DSaint Thomas Academy (Mendota Heights, Minnesota); u) ?3 M- w+ H" E2 f* s1 G
St. Catherine's Academy (Anaheim, California; Kindergarten - 8th Grade; all boys)2 S) a# K9 h% i8 P
St. John's College High School (Washington, DC; first JROTC school in the USA; coeducational)9 h) W: P0 a6 B: S% Q) \
St. John's Military School (Salina, Kansas)
. [7 o9 G$ L0 _" I# y' Z# \8 wSt. John's Northwestern Military Academy (Delafield, Wisconsin)# j1 u6 X% n& r7 L
Southeastern Military Academy (Port St. Lucie, Florida)
/ V" e' D8 Y; ? ]TMI — The Episcopal School of Texas (San Antonio, Texas[2]2 Z4 @ c' i4 v& E$ p1 _, b& J
Valley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)3 d! K9 k2 A: s7 o+ d4 h3 C
; \' z2 A7 F2 {, w) L( S" Y
更有一大堆公立高中有国防部部份资助的JROTC(青少年ROTC)项目,在高中期间就接受一定的军事训练,为以后参军做准备:2 S1 p+ s6 ?) `% ]! Z# e
7 e# N/ {3 U9 r0 `' Z% tAir Force Academy High School (Chicago, Illinois)
. Z" I! `. Z4 u. b) H, Y) t9 SBridgeport Military Academy First Responders (Bridgeport, Connecticut)$ J( P% c$ u6 J4 F, W5 g
Carver Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)4 ?- A x$ T& i
Chicago Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
3 M) T2 D# b2 ^4 w* v. V9 b2 w) {Cleveland Junior Naval Academy (St. Louis, Missouri): v, @& L( A/ z
Delaware Military Academy (Wilmington, Delaware)* P/ l+ _6 t C+ ?8 ~
First State Military Academy (Smyrna, Delaware)
0 @3 W- g/ q, a& EFranklin Military Academy (Richmond, Virginia; the country’s first secondary military academy)[3]
% G& G0 `& a' F$ j6 |# M% rGeorgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia; coeducational, public but not part of University System of Georgia)
$ Q1 `. d* w$ d/ F3 I9 @$ z* b# lHollywood Hills Military Academy (Hollywood, Florida)7 y1 u) ?& k5 k1 _" O" k3 s
Kenosha Military Academy (Wisconsin)[3]
9 t9 J. V3 {/ V0 }; U( @: E% LMarine Academy of Science and Technology (Sandy Hook, New Jersey)0 A- p: k. s# M. Y( h% C n
Marine Math and Science Academy (Chicago, Illinois)% c: b3 ?) `/ n0 B
New Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico; coeducational)
& w/ |+ X* N1 v6 b0 KNew Orleans Military and Maritime Academy (New Orleans, Louisiana)
1 v; d/ l) S' q1 E# qOakland Military Institute (Oakland, California)
7 |. q) N% I4 JPhiladelphia Military Academy[3]
2 Z2 l. ^! h3 m# g1 u5 BPhoenix Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois) o) }5 b! E$ _ C, Y& Q
Rickover Naval Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
. g, h/ p6 B# C3 F% o4 `Sarasota Military Academy (Sarasota, Florida)
- d( L8 {+ T J; Z8 q" GSummerlin Military Academy (Bartow, Florida)0 ^1 o J% `7 Y2 a* @
Utah Military Academy (Riverdale, Utah)
8 s( _ Y; F; W" A# |0 w& A( u* d' L. y( _! {5 ]' Z+ o6 [$ E
在另一头,则是各军种的研究生院:
; m0 J# L9 e/ N
+ K) j: J( e2 o* b8 ~4 HUnited States Army Command and General Staff College (Fort Leavenworth, Kansas),陆军中级军官学校,下设School for Command Preparation,School of Advanced Military Studies,Command and General Staff School,School for Advanced Leadership and Tactics,郝柏村是这里毕业的
; f& X5 p5 Q) x: R' u, ^! F' kUnited States Army War College (Carlisle, Pennsylvania),陆军高级军官学校,招收有希望晋升将官的中校和上校
* Q/ Y9 `' c( QUnited States Army Warrant Officer Career College (Fort Rucker, Alabama)
4 n( b( O# J% C" C- s8 eNaval War College (Newport, Rhode Island),海军中高级军官学校,偏重指挥,下设College of Naval Warfare,Maritime Advanced Warfighting School,College of Naval Command and Staff
& ?6 j6 \+ y' d$ |& i* {Naval Postgraduate School (Monterey, California),更加偏重科技方面6 m! @' T2 @, w8 A' s6 Q
Marine Corps University (Quantico, Virginia)
* C/ I" {- x0 K/ P" PAir University (Montgomery, Alabama),空军中高级军官学校的统一架构,下设Air War College,空军高级军官学校;School of Advanced Air and Space Studies,空天战争的研究生院;Air Command and Staff College,空军中级军官学校;Squadron Officer School,中队长学校;Air Force Institute of Technology (Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio),偏重科技0 z- L2 A3 |; R0 G; S
National Defense University (Washington, D.C.),三军联合,下设National War College,联合作战高级军官学校;Industrial College of the Armed Forces,偏重军工管理;Joint Forces Staff College (Norfolk, Virginia),联合作战中级军官学校
" ?$ z2 b& Q* q# KMarine Corps University (Quantico, VA),陆战队中高级军官学校的统一架构,下设Marine Corps War College,陆战队高级军官学校;School of Advanced Warfighting,陆战队的战术研究生班;Marine Corps Command and Staff College,陆战队中级军官学校;Expeditionary Warfare School,陆战队上尉军官的战术进修学校
$ D7 d+ ~9 R3 Z0 v0 }
6 m: R" k3 |+ y( H各种专门学校(如步兵学校、装甲兵学校、游骑兵学校、伞兵学校、……)就数不胜数了,也经常在变动中。
6 C+ n1 {. u; s; d! E5 i/ i+ w3 S2 I. r
绕晕了吗?我也是。 |
|