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本帖最后由 晨枫 于 2020-6-20 14:00 编辑 3 U- {% q- F+ M' Y2 j. P
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军迷没有不想往西点军校的，但又很少不被美国各种军校（school）、军事学院（academy）和军事大学（college、university）弄糊涂的，更是有一些貌似民间的大学在里面参合。说起来，美国军事教育制度又完整，又混乱。一方面在很多地方领导世界军事教育，另一方面又由于历史积淀攒了很多陈腐的东西。这里理一理。
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军种学院（Federal Service Academies），毕业生直接进入现役，美国海运学院除外：
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United States Military Academy（俗称西点军校，位于纽约州西点，里纽约市不远）9 q4 Z W. i V, i" r6 v; J) R; u; u
United States Naval Academy（俗称安纳波利斯海军学院，位于马里兰州安纳波利斯）
( W8 V% R( O' u" w1 t; `' q+ k5 ^United States Air Force Academy（一般就直译为美国空军学院，位于科罗拉多州科罗拉多泉）* ?6 e4 R( ?" m3 D& A3 f9 j. i9 l
United States Coast Guard Academy（美国海岸警卫队学院，位于康涅狄格州新伦敦）* {- p/ r" u. R
United States Merchant Marine Academy（美国海运学院，院长是现已海军少将，毕业生从事航运业，但并非海军军官，位于纽约州金角）! A2 F' u! n8 @( K# z5 h1 N2 w
; e I3 N8 Z* V2 ~2 o高级军事学院（Senior Military Colleges），用于训练预备军官团，毕业生按需要成为现役，其余进入预备役：7 U7 B2 D. t! @' b5 Z* M
8 k* ?/ N l7 x/ E/ D2 L9 t4个也同时接受非ROTC的民间大学生，这里public指公立，不一定是对非军人开放
+ n% j [1 a! m/ a" }The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina (Charleston, South Carolina; four-year public college)# b* \6 a' V |' D, y: b5 O
Texas A&M University (College Station, Texas; four-year public university)7 u' I: I, d6 Y
University of North Georgia (Dahlonega, Georgia; four-year public university)$ S6 g& [1 C$ a" G
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Blacksburg, Virginia; four-year public university). q# [! R) m2 Q4 w F) z
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1个只收ROTC学生
( D: _& K, {# A$ QVirginia Military Institute (Lexington, Virginia; four-year public college)，巴顿将军就是这里最出名的毕业生+ m# J: `6 d5 H5 u& \+ p0 ~
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1个军民兼收的私立9 j1 S" |4 ?( r% v0 \/ F
Norwich University (Northfield, Vermont; four-year private university)
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州立海运学院，毕业生不能自动获得海岸警卫队或者军事海运方面的职务，但是挂钩的：& e, z/ O4 g: b. O
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California State University Maritime Academy (part of the California State University system)
2 U: Q" W9 o9 t7 L2 ~3 k2 x) {% NGreat Lakes Maritime Academy (a division of Northwestern Michigan College)
8 l5 f4 p3 ]( |Maine Maritime Academy1 U& X4 {' X5 s( G" o, Y
Massachusetts Maritime Academy3 B* M* U, N" R) e' P3 `1 O
State University of New York Maritime College (part of the State University of New York (SUNY) system)
$ b/ Z* k/ E- U' S! n8 _Texas A&M Maritime Academy (part of the Texas A&M University System)
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9 n: F( ~4 H6 I0 b& [; }) A军事大专（Military Junior Colleges），这是很特别的东西，两年毕业，但必须自己另外读完民间大学的大三、大四才能或者完整ROTC资格：* s, u' K$ g6 P5 J# A
; ~$ v; d5 W6 y( mGeorgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia)8 P9 p1 A- q& W' \6 Z3 D( e4 J9 O
Marion Military Institute (Marion, Alabama)
# X" _' G' N; v- e: r+ kNew Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico)
. @/ j7 V; c- O. v) AValley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)$ g G+ w& _7 z4 z) {6 i" s
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还有一大堆军事高中，为进军校准备的，都是私立的：; y. L8 n3 d5 _1 T' {
$ `# R" \. S9 s9 KAdmiral Farragut Academy (St. Petersburg, Florida; coeducational)
' I/ R/ Z) o$ C4 V! b4 P5 VAmerican Military Academy (Guaynabo, Puerto Rico; coeducational)
$ B9 K# w1 @) [) p8 JArmy and Navy Academy (Carlsbad, California)6 C( h3 \# }! ~! o1 D$ x
Benedictine College Preparatory (Richmond, Virginia)
2 z& `( I s- a' [Camden Military Academy (Camden, South Carolina)
( G+ L7 ~$ ]7 U# VChristian Brothers Academy (Albany, New York)) @+ ^+ c% l8 t
Culver Military Academy (Culver, Indiana)2 T% o. I8 \3 K' _/ p
Fishburne Military School (Waynesboro, Virginia)5 \) R! F1 M* |$ }0 Y
Florida Preparatory Academy (Melbourne, Florida; coeducational from 2005)
+ K. `- A* t( l7 ^/ O9 \" _3 Y2 ?: ZFork Union Military Academy (Fork Union, Virginia) R' G$ U/ s7 v9 e( w Q1 o! l
Hargrave Military Academy (Chatham, Virginia)
T8 T6 |7 ]- W' Y6 k1 vHowe Military School (Howe, Indiana; coeducational)
: l; b7 X6 o. h: O4 ^2 y8 tLa Salle Institute (Troy, New York)7 U- a7 S6 f( I% |; p
Leonard Hall Junior Naval Academy (Leonardtown, Maryland; coeducational)3 n8 ]% w4 y# O/ k4 w! T
Lyman Ward Military Academy (Camp Hill, Alabama)
3 R& }- u' e7 OMarine Military Academy (Harlingen, Texas)
' L4 F- ^+ p* ]Massanutten Academy (Woodstock, Virginia; coeducational)" E- a! s# E3 f/ ^% |4 H
Missouri Military Academy (Mexico, Missouri) Z& G# x( |6 {7 `
New York Military Academy (Cornwall on Hudson, New York; coeducational)! H: W! a; |8 t! P6 n. Y9 x% z
North Valley Military Institute (Sun Valley, California; coeducational)& A5 S/ k: n" `; C
Oak Ridge Military Academy (Oak Ridge, North Carolina; coeducational)
* Q, c. `: v$ d5 xRandolph-Macon Academy (Front Royal, Virginia; coeducational)' z0 n1 K4 G d0 `- e
Riverside Military Academy (Gainesville, Georgia)
0 ^2 ]" }# k$ c" S) z$ v! ]( [San Marcos Baptist Academy (San Marcos, Texas) O$ n6 q* Y( Q/ R
Saint Thomas Academy (Mendota Heights, Minnesota)1 b+ l$ `4 u* L. p
St. Catherine's Academy (Anaheim, California; Kindergarten - 8th Grade; all boys)
Q0 w( `; S3 O+ V# w7 k Y4 dSt. John's College High School (Washington, DC; first JROTC school in the USA; coeducational)6 C( O2 |/ l j5 f4 t% d
St. John's Military School (Salina, Kansas)! ~/ c# z+ u( `% g
St. John's Northwestern Military Academy (Delafield, Wisconsin)
( }0 z2 s. `2 k, YSoutheastern Military Academy (Port St. Lucie, Florida)
( |- a! Q4 b: h) a* j# L6 \TMI — The Episcopal School of Texas (San Antonio, Texas[2]
/ m% ], e7 {9 N0 G2 s; BValley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania): ^) p; ?3 V3 K3 g
7 j( v% K: y4 ?8 f更有一大堆公立高中有国防部部份资助的JROTC（青少年ROTC）项目，在高中期间就接受一定的军事训练，为以后参军做准备：7 U& {$ U. j4 a6 N7 ^( i# @# A
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Air Force Academy High School (Chicago, Illinois)
: N1 x! S# b+ G" v/ h; xBridgeport Military Academy First Responders (Bridgeport, Connecticut), N! K4 }! z g! O
Carver Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)2 ^& O- T s! f# D
Chicago Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois) r6 s- H0 l: c( J+ N9 C9 s$ o
Cleveland Junior Naval Academy (St. Louis, Missouri)
. U+ N' z: |9 ~- [Delaware Military Academy (Wilmington, Delaware); G6 B2 N6 t: A+ k
First State Military Academy (Smyrna, Delaware)
% K9 L. C+ H7 NFranklin Military Academy (Richmond, Virginia; the country’s first secondary military academy)[3]# j S5 r+ I0 b' ?7 H' Y
Georgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia; coeducational, public but not part of University System of Georgia)
6 _0 E- L) U/ v$ Z; k3 l, ]7 N& bHollywood Hills Military Academy (Hollywood, Florida)
, E& ^! P2 R6 oKenosha Military Academy (Wisconsin)[3]
/ u1 b9 v# B1 v& C2 ?1 N) N; cMarine Academy of Science and Technology (Sandy Hook, New Jersey)# \9 f2 Q( P& q" ]7 H' g
Marine Math and Science Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
. Y! V. v* y2 V$ F+ g% hNew Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico; coeducational): L: y7 z" t" K: C3 l
New Orleans Military and Maritime Academy (New Orleans, Louisiana)
, J+ I9 P4 z0 Y q+ n* K$ FOakland Military Institute (Oakland, California)' p: q! D' K- `' t9 C. S* x
Philadelphia Military Academy[3]) ?8 B9 F( I% Z0 U3 {
Phoenix Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
' \4 \2 i2 R7 lRickover Naval Academy (Chicago, Illinois)& I6 N5 t# i$ X9 z& y8 ?
Sarasota Military Academy (Sarasota, Florida). X5 W* D/ H1 W/ R
Summerlin Military Academy (Bartow, Florida) x2 i) o; q$ }" W
Utah Military Academy (Riverdale, Utah)
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在另一头，则是各军种的研究生院：1 n0 V( M9 S5 Q/ o! _5 u
; V- _/ Z, ~) r2 p& kUnited States Army Command and General Staff College (Fort Leavenworth, Kansas)，陆军中级军官学校，下设School for Command Preparation，School of Advanced Military Studies，Command and General Staff School，School for Advanced Leadership and Tactics，郝柏村是这里毕业的
7 F5 F5 B8 h- n. ^) wUnited States Army War College (Carlisle, Pennsylvania)，陆军高级军官学校，招收有希望晋升将官的中校和上校
. h; B$ Z9 C/ G* d) P# l" IUnited States Army Warrant Officer Career College (Fort Rucker, Alabama)
. j# [) X& m/ {Naval War College (Newport, Rhode Island)，海军中高级军官学校，偏重指挥，下设College of Naval Warfare，Maritime Advanced Warfighting School，College of Naval Command and Staff
8 m2 Y* L9 E1 BNaval Postgraduate School (Monterey, California)，更加偏重科技方面3 B- R; A1 y. r: u, V
Marine Corps University (Quantico, Virginia)2 O: T/ i v0 x2 C% B
Air University (Montgomery, Alabama)，空军中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Air War College，空军高级军官学校；School of Advanced Air and Space Studies，空天战争的研究生院；Air Command and Staff College，空军中级军官学校；Squadron Officer School，中队长学校；Air Force Institute of Technology (Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio)，偏重科技& W8 U5 `% w( E J. x+ C
National Defense University (Washington, D.C.)，三军联合，下设National War College，联合作战高级军官学校；Industrial College of the Armed Forces，偏重军工管理；Joint Forces Staff College (Norfolk, Virginia)，联合作战中级军官学校
2 X' i- e* K: y/ Q- a0 p& yMarine Corps University (Quantico, VA)，陆战队中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Marine Corps War College，陆战队高级军官学校；School of Advanced Warfighting，陆战队的战术研究生班；Marine Corps Command and Staff College，陆战队中级军官学校；Expeditionary Warfare School，陆战队上尉军官的战术进修学校
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% R/ }( V- a3 i. X各种专门学校（如步兵学校、装甲兵学校、游骑兵学校、伞兵学校、……）就数不胜数了，也经常在变动中。- U3 U, [+ s$ B3 P3 _* s# E
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绕晕了吗？我也是。 |
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发表于 2020-6-21 12:06:24
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