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本帖最后由 nanimarcus 于 2025-1-12 01:07 编辑
这是瓦德西日记的第十章,中国的章节,英文中文都是平铺直叙。
当然,元帅头衔翻得不太对,应该是陆军元帅。
瓦德西 翻成 瓦尔德塞 了,宝丁 应该是 保定,戎璐 应该是荣禄,这些都需要调整。
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CHAPTER X
CHINA IN WAR-TIME. THE FIELD-MARSHAL'S FIRST IMPRESSIONS: NOVEMBER—DECEMBER, 1900
第十章
中国在战争期间。场地元帅的第一印象:1900年11月——12月
Overtures from Prince Ching and Li Hung Chang--How to Deal with the Chinese--The Decision to Hold Chi-li throughout the Winter-- The Tension between the Russians and the English--The Winter Palace adapted to the Uses of the G.H.Q.--The Capture of Paoting-fu--Count Waldersee's Relations with the various Allied Contingents--The Chinese Imperial Family and Its Reputed Wealth--An Autograph Letter from the Kaiser--`` The Hague Conference with all its ` Bockulorum ' ''--Count Waldersee again on the Subject of Looting--A Project of the Kaiser's--Count Waldersee's Guile--Executions in China--A Problem of Plunder-- An Altercation with General Chaffee--The Question of the Indemnity--How the Various Powers might Indemnify Themselves --Peking and its Animal Scavengers.
From Count Waldersee's Despatch to the Kaiser of November 3, 1900.
" Peking. " It has now become more evident still that the Pao-ting-fu Expedition, which in the course of its march hitherto helped to free the neighbouring country from its unruly elements, is exercising a moral influence of far-reaching importance.
"T am glad to be able to report to Your Majesty that the co-operation of the international troops, at first attended by differences which I had to smooth over, has now reached a point where there is no longer any friction worth speaking of, and I feel it is my duty to inform you that the presence here of Major General von Gayl as Quartermaster General has proved to be a great advantage. He has dealt tactfully with both the Generals in Command and has known how to stimulate the apparently easy-going General Gaselee into energetic action.
" During my stay in Tien-tsin I refrained, in accordance with Your Majesty's command, from granting an interview to Li Hung Chang, who repeatedly asked for one. On his enquiring through an intermediary whether I would receive him now in Peking--adding that he attached the greatest importance to such a reception--I intimated to him that if he requested an audience I would give him one. He allowed a week to pass by and then, in conjunction with Prince Ching, came forward with the proposal that I should receive two dignitaries of high rank. I refused. Yesterday Prince Ching when paying a visit to the Minister, Herr von Mumm, enquired of the latter whether, as it was a long way for him and Li Hung Chang to go to the Winter Palace to see me, it would not be possible for me to receive them at the Legation. Herr von Mumm, in compliance with my desire, replied that there could be no question of this.
"T base my action as to this on the rule that one should never make any friendly advances and never show any eagerness in one's dealings with the Chinese, and that they regard all concessions as signs of weakness; and I feel no doubt that the request to be received in my dwelling will soon be made again.
As, moreover, the entire diplomatic corps is not yet in a position to enter into effective negotiations with Prince Ching and Li Hung Chang, and as these have not yet even produced any evidence that they are official negotiators, I do not think that anything has been lost in this direction.
1 Prince Ching had accompanied the Empress Dowager on her flight from Peking on August 15, but had been sent back to negotiate terms of peace with the Allies, Li Hung Chang being associated with him as Plenipotentiary. It is interesting to recall here an allusion to Prince Ching in `` China Under the Empress Dowager," by J. O. P. Bland and E. Backhouse. After recording the death, on April 11, 1903, of Jung Lu, the Empress's most trusted adviser, who had held the positions of Grand Secretary and Grand Councillor--" the highest honours open to a subject in China ''--the authors proceed: `` By his death, Prince Ch'ing and his corrupt following rose to increased power (Prince Ch'ing being the only available Manchu of rank sufficient to succeed Jung Lu as head of the Grand Council), and they have retained it, in the subterranean labyrinth of Palace intrigues, ever since." This was written in 1910. [Tr.]
来自庆亲王和李鸿章的奏折——如何与中国人打交道——决定在冬季即保持直隶——俄国人与英国人之间的紧张关系——冬宫适应总司令部的需要——宝丁府的攻克——瓦尔德塞伯爵与各盟军分遣队的关系——中国皇室及其声称的财富——一封来自皇帝的亲笔信——“海牙会议及其所有的‘废话’”——瓦尔德塞伯爵再次谈到掠夺问题——皇帝的一个计划——瓦尔德塞伯爵的狡诈——中国的处决——掠夺问题——与查菲将军的争执——赔款问题——各国如何索赔——北京及其动物清道夫。
来自瓦尔德塞伯爵于1900年11月3日致皇帝的电报。
“北京。”现在更加明显的是,宝丁府远征军在其行进过程中帮助解放周边国家免受不法分子的骚扰,其道德影响具有深远的重要性。
“我很高兴能向陛下报告,国际部队之间的合作,虽然起初存在差异,我不得不进行调和,但现在已达到一个不再有值得一提的摩擦的阶段,我感到有责任通知您,冯盖尔将军作为军需长的到来,带来了巨大的好处。他与指挥官们进行了很好的交涉,知道如何激励表面上悠闲的加斯利将军采取积极行动。
“在我停留在天津期间,我遵从陛下的命令,没有答应李鸿章的多次会见请求。当他通过中间人询问我是否愿意在北京接见他时——并强调他对此次接见非常重视——我暗示如果他请求会见,我会接见他。他让一周过去了,然后与庆亲王一起提出我接见两位高级官员的建议。我拒绝了。昨天,庆亲王在拜访大臣冯穆姆时询问,既然他和李鸿章去冬宫见我路程太远,是否可以在公使馆接见他们。冯穆姆遵从我的要求,答复说此事无从谈起。
“我根据一种规则行事,即与中国人打交道时,绝不要表现出任何友好举动和热情,因他们将所有的让步视为软弱的迹象;我毫不怀疑请求在我住处接见的请求会很快再次提出。
此外,整个外交团还没有处于能有效与庆亲王和李鸿章进行谈判的状态,而他们也尚未提供任何证据表明他们是官方谈判者,我认为在这方面没有任何损失。
庆亲王曾陪同慈禧太后于8月15日逃离北京,但随后被派回与盟国谈判和平条款,李鸿章作为全权代表与他一同前往。在此有必要提及在J.O.P.布兰德和E.巴克豪斯的《慈禧太后下的中国》中提到庆亲王的一段描述。作者在记载了1903年4月11日太后的最信任顾问戎璐去世后(他担任过大学士和内阁大臣——“在中国,臣子可获最高荣誉”)继续写道:“戎璐的去世使得庆亲王及其腐败的追随者获得更大的权力(庆亲王是唯一可接替戎璐成为内阁首脑的满族贵族),并且自那以来,他们在宫廷阴谋的地下迷宫中一直保持着这种权力。”这是在1910年写的。[译者注] |
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