TA的每日心情 | 开心 2017-5-14 07:16 |
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签到天数: 142 天 [LV.7]分神
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本帖最后由 鹤梦白云上 于 2014-12-4 08:43 编辑
欣赏诗体小说之余,再来多方位品味一下普希金。
我读普希金《自由颂》,有读《离骚》那样的快感。
司空图二十四品诗,以我观之,《自由颂》可得雄浑、劲健、豪放、疏野、缜密、实境、悲慨共七品!
不同凡响啊!
英译依旧纳博科夫出品,值得信赖。
Liberty: an Ode 《自由颂》
Begone, be hidden from my eyes, 闪开,别叫我看见你,
delicate Queen of Cythera! 你这娇嫩的塞西拉女王! 【1】
Where are you, where are you, the terror 你在哪里,你在哪里啊,你这王者
of Kings, the proud chantress of Freedom? 之所惧,你这自由之骄傲的颂赞者?
Arrive; pluck off my garland; break 来吧!来扯掉我的花环;
the lyre of mollitude! I wish 打破我这柔和的里拉琴!
Freedom to sing unto the world 我愿自由传唱于世界,
and smite iniquity on thrones. 我愿自由捶打王权上的不公。
Reveal to me the noble track 请为我指出那高贵的高卢人
of that exalted Gaul, to whom 所走过的轰轰烈烈的足迹,
you, 'midst awesome calamities, 你,在那些可怕的不幸之中,
yourself courageous hymns inspired. 是你鼓舞他唱出勇敢的赞歌。 【2】
Nurslings of fickle Destiny, 无常命运的小儿们,而你们, *
you, tyrants of the universe, 世间的暴君们,你们颤抖吧!
shudder! and you take heart and hearken, 而你们要用心地聆听,
resuscitate, you fallen slaves! 你们要觉醒,你们匍匐的奴隶!
Alas! where'er my gaze I cast 啊呀!我举目四望――
——everywhere whips, everywhere irons; 哪里都是皮鞭,哪里都是铁链;
the perilous disgrace of laws, 法理惨遭践踏,危机四伏,
the helpless tears of servitude. 奴隶劳苦无依,泪水长流。
Unrighteous Power everywhere 哪里都是罪恶的强权
in condensed fog of prejudices 在偏见的浓雾中被拥立为王―― 【3】
has been enthroned——the awesome Genius 这是可怕的奴隶制精神,
of slavery, and fame's fatal passion. 这是声名的毁灭性冲动。 【4】
There only on the kingly head 只有在强大的法理与神圣的自由
suffering of nations has not fallen 牢固地结为一体之处,
where firm with sacred liberty 民族的苦难才不会
is the accord of mighty laws; 落到王者个人的头上;
where spread to all is their strong shield; 那里笼罩一切的是他们的厚盾;
where, grasped by trusty hands, above 那里,握在忠信者的手里的、
the equal heads of citizens 并在公民们平等的头上掠过的
their sword without preferment glides, 是他们不施偏好的宝剑,
and from that elevation strikes 它在那个高度
wrongdoing with a righteous sweep; 公正地横扫一切罪恶;
where their arm is unbribable 那里,他们的武装
by ravenous avarice or fear. 决不会受贪婪与畏惧的贿赂。
Rulers! to you the crown and throne 统治者们!你们的王冠与宝座
the Law gives and not Nature. Higher 是授命于法,而非授命于天。
than the People you stand, but higher 相对于人民,你们高高在上,
than you is the eternal Law. 可是高于你们的是永恒的法理。
And woe, woe to the nations where 哀叹,哀叹鲁莽、
imprudently it slumbers; where 麻木的民族;那里,
either the People or the Kings 或者人民或者君王
to dominate the Law are able! 竟能够支配法理!
As witness, you I call, O martyr 作为见证人,我把你叫作,
of glorious error, who laid down 哦,盛大罪愆的殉难者, 【5】
for ancestors a kingly head 在不久前的风暴当中,
in the tumult of recent tempest. 你为祖先们牺牲了一颗王者之头。
Louis ascends to death, in sight 路易登上死路,
of mute posterity. His head, 历历皆在沉默的后世之目。
now crownless, he has sunk upon 头上已无王冠,
the bloody block of Broken Faith. 落在鲜血淋漓、忠信崩坏的垫头木。
The Law is silent; silent is 法理无声;人民无言。
the People. The criminal blade 罪犯们的刀剑落下,
now falls and lo! a villainous 看哪!一个恶棍的紫袍 【6】
purple has clothed the shacked Gauls. 覆压满身枷锁的高卢人之身。
Autocratoric Villain! You, 独裁的恶棍!你,
your throne, I view with detestation; 你的王位,我瞥之以憎恶;
your downfall, the death of your children, 你的衰败,你的儿女的死亡,
I see with cruel jubilation. 我视之以残忍的欢呼。
The Peoples read upon your brow 人民在你的额头
the stamp of malediction. You 读到诅咒的印戳。你,
are the world's horror, nature's shame, 是世界的丑恶,自然的耻辱,
upon earth a reproach to God. 你活在世上令上帝也为之蒙羞。
When down upon the gloomy Neva 当幽暗的涅瓦河上
the star Polaris scintillates 闪烁着北极星光,
and peaceful slumber overwhelms 当无忧者的头上
the head that is devoid of cares, 笼罩着和平的酣梦,
the pensive poet contemplates 忧虑的诗人却注视着 【7】
the grimly sleeping in the mist 雾色中狰狞睡去的
forlorn memorial of a tyrant, 一位暴君的遗迹,
a palace to oblivion cast, 一座废弃的宫殿,
and hears the dreadful voice of Clio 他听见阴森的围墙背后
above yon gloom-pervaded walls 传来克莱欧可怕的声音, 【8】
and vividly before his eyes 他真真切切看见了
he sees Caligula's last hour. 喀利古拉的最后一刻。 【9】
He sees: beribanded, bestarred, 他看见:他们披着绶带,戴着勋章,
with Wine and Hate intoxicated, 被酒与恨灌得醉意醺醺,
they come, the furtive assassins, 他们来了,鬼鬼祟祟的刺客,
their faces brazen, hearts afraid. 他看见他们那厚颜无耻的脸,色厉内荏的心。
Silient is the untrusty watchman, 不忠的门卫默不做声,
the drawbridge silently is lowered, 吊桥默不做声地放下,
the gate is opened in the dark 被收买的变节者
of night by hired treachery's hand. 在夜色中打开宫门。
O shame! O horror of our days! 哦,耻辱!哦,我们这时代的丑恶!
Like animals, the Janizaries 就象野兽一般,土耳其士兵破门而入,
burst in. The infamous blows fall, 不光彩地施以重重的一击,
and perished has the crowned villain! 戴王冠的恶棍死于非命! 【10】
And nowadays keep learning, Kings! 吸取教训吧,国王们!
Not punishment, not recompenses, 能保卫你们安全的
not altars, and not prison vaults 不是惩罚,不是奖赏,
provide you with secure defenses. 不是祭坛,不是牢房。
Be you the first to bow your heads 在法理的可靠的庇护所之下,
beneath the Law's trustworthy shelter, 你们要首先低下头颅,
and guard eternally the throne 只有这样,人民的自由与安宁
shall liberty and peace of Peoples. 才能永久地保佑王权。
【1】塞西拉女王:指纤弱的爱神。
【2】指某位法国革命诗人,人选不确。
【3】偏见:暗指基督教会。
【4】声名的毁灭性冲动:暗指拿破仑。
【5】盛大罪愆的殉难者:指法王路易十六。普希金认为路易十六的死,是他的祖先犯罪愆的结果。
【6】紫袍:指拿破仑的皇袍,普希金自注。因拿破仑推翻共和建立帝国且曾入侵俄罗斯,普希金称之为恶棍理所当然的。
【7】《自由颂》作于屠格涅夫居所,面对米哈伊诺夫斯基宫,即巴维尔一世被弑之地。
【8】克莱欧:希腊神话中主管历史的女神,九缪斯之一。
【9】喀利古拉:古罗马暴君,为近臣所杀。
【10】指沙皇巴维尔一世之死。
* “小儿们”参照仁译。
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