可梦之 发表于 2022-6-15 15:21:34

意译国名-加拿大


“加拿大”翻译来源
加拿大的翻译没啥故事,音译自“Canada”。这个二战后才完全独立的国家,历史比美国还短。

“Canada”来自于圣劳伦斯易洛魁语(St. Lawrence Iroquoian)中的“Kanata”一词,意思解作“村”或“聚居地”。1535年,居住在现今魁北克市的原住民将法国探险者雅克·卡蒂埃带到斯塔达科纳(Stadacona),并称该地为Kanata。后来雅克·卡蒂埃便用Canada指多纳科纳(Donnacona)(即斯塔达科纳的首领)统治的地区。1545年,欧洲的书籍和地图都开始用Canada代表这片区域。

在17世纪和18世纪早期,Canada指新法兰西的圣劳伦斯河流域的地区。为了应对十三个殖民地居民的反英活动,英国政府在1774年颁布魁北克法案(Quebec Act),这法案把加拿大的范围扩展至五大湖南部的地区,远及俄亥俄河。这些土地大部分在1783年被移交给新生的美国,但五大湖以北的土地,即现今安大略省的大部分地区,被英国保留下来。在新法兰西被英国占领后,加拿大被分为两部份,即上加拿大和下加拿大。1841年,上下加拿大又合并为加拿大省。1867年,加拿大省与新不伦瑞克和新斯科舍组成加拿大自治领。随着加拿大逐渐脱离英国,其政府也逐渐在官方文件和条约中使用加拿大这一简称。

加拿大独立的时候考虑过十几个名字,有几个比较有意思:

[*]Borealia:“北方“的拉丁语, 和”南方“Australia一对啊。
[*]Efisga:English, French, Irish, Scottish, German, Aboriginal几个单词的首字母
[*]Mesopelagia:两大洋间的土地
[*]Tupona:“The United Provinces of North America”首字母
[*]Victorialand:大爱女王啊


最终定的“Canada”,而且蛮有特色的,就一个词,不像别的国家一般加几个修饰词,共和国,王国之类的。

意译加拿大-枫国

按照Canada本意,应该翻译成“小村国”,或者“村国”。但是基于其广袤的国土,还是用更体现其特色的“枫叶国”吧。

有一种说法是加拿大国旗上的其实不是枫叶,而是槭树叶子。盛产的枫糖其实也是源自糖槭树汁。

我也分不清槭树和枫树的差别,搜索了一下,区别是:

[*]枫树的叶片是呈交互状生长在枝条上,槭树的叶片是呈对称状生长的。
[*]枫树的树干是暗褐色的,表面有很多沟纹裂痕,属金缕梅科。槭树树干呈绿色,表面比较光滑,属槭树科。


对加拿大有着深厚感情,尤其喜欢温哥华。梦想加拿大能成为第三个汉语为法定语言的国家,加拿大的华人们加油啊!

资料来源

https://zh.m.wikipedia.org/zh/%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Name_of_Canada
https://www.jiemian.com/article/1221521.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M_QsywXUGFg
https://www.huabaike.com/jtyh/10033.html
https://www.xuehua.us/a/5eb874e586ec4d630fe1ffcf
https://www.jiemian.com/article/1221521.html


老实农民 发表于 2022-6-15 17:58:58

渥太华西面的区就叫Kanata,是加拿大IT业集中的地方,已倒闭的北方电讯总部也在这里。 渥太华到多伦多之间有另外一个小镇叫 Kaladar, 估计也是一个词源。

MacArthur 发表于 2022-6-15 21:38:25

不是说探险家路遇俩印第安青年么,问他们这里叫什么名字,俩印第安青年以为他问路,就指着前面的村庄说“Kanata”

跟喀麦隆一个来历。。。
{:190:}

石工 发表于 2022-6-15 21:42:21

"加拿大"这个名字最适合国情, 年年加税, 政府拿走大头.

皇家骑警总监 发表于 2022-6-15 22:00:28

老实农民 发表于 2022-6-15 17:58
渥太华西面的区就叫Kanata,是加拿大IT业集中的地方,已倒闭的北方电讯总部也在这里。 渥太华到多伦多之间 ...

你说的北方电讯总部,如果是指现在国防部那块地方的话,那是Nepean, 不是Kanata。当时被称为BNR Carling

chnle 发表于 2022-6-15 23:08:53

本帖最后由 chnle 于 2022-6-15 23:11 编辑

中文应该已经有三个国家作为法定语言了吧。 除了中国,新加坡还有一个苏里南吧。【订正一下,是我记错了。苏里南不是的】

无言 发表于 2022-6-16 00:12:25

皇家骑警总监 发表于 2022-6-15 22:00
你说的北方电讯总部,如果是指现在国防部那块地方的话,那是Nepean, 不是Kanata。当时被称为BNR Carling ...

康老对自己家门口还是很熟悉的嘛{:191:}

皇家骑警总监 发表于 2022-6-16 00:13:57

无言 发表于 2022-6-16 00:12
康老对自己家门口还是很熟悉的嘛

那是那是,平趟啊{:189:}

可梦之 发表于 2022-6-16 01:17:54

chnle 发表于 2022-6-15 23:08
中文应该已经有三个国家作为法定语言了吧。 除了中国,新加坡还有一个苏里南吧。【订正一下,是我记错了。 ...

之前不是荷兰殖民地吗,华人很多吗?

小木 发表于 2022-6-16 21:22:50

咦,不是出自日语,指(太平洋的)另一边?{:187:}

无言 发表于 2022-6-17 02:28:15

https://www.canada.ca/en/canadian-heritage/services/origin-name-canada.html

Origin of the name "Canada"

Today, it seems impossible to imagine Canada by any other name. However, there were a number of other interesting suggestions and events leading up to the formal christening of our nation in 1867.

    Aboriginal roots
    The naming of a nation

Aboriginal roots

The name “Canada” likely comes from the Huron-Iroquois word “kanata,” meaning “village” or “settlement.” In 1535, two Aboriginal youths told French explorer Jacques Cartier about the route to kanata; they were actually referring to the village of Stadacona, the site of the present-day City of Québec. For lack of another name, Cartier used the word “Canada” to describe not only the village, but the entire area controlled by its chief, Donnacona.

The name was soon applied to a much larger area; maps in 1547 designated everything north of the St. Lawrence River as Canada. Cartier also called the St. Lawrence River the “rivière du Canada,” a name used until the early 1600s. By 1616, although the entire region was known as New France, the area along the great river of Canada and the Gulf of St. Lawrence was still called Canada.

Soon explorers and fur traders opened up territory to the west and to the south, and the area known as Canada grew. In the early 1700s, the name referred to all French lands in what is now the American Midwest and as far south as present-day Louisiana.

The first use of Canada as an official name came in 1791, when the Province of Quebec was divided into the colonies of Upper Canada and Lower Canada. In 1841, the two colonies were united under one name, the Province of Canada.
Two Aboriginal youths telling Jacques Cartier about the route to the village of Stadacona, site of the present day City of Québec.
The naming of a nation

Leading up to the proposed confederation, a number of names were suggested for the northern half of the continent of North America, including: Albertsland, Albionora, Borealia, Britannia, Cabotia, Colonia, EfisgaFootnote 1, Hochelaga, Norland, Superior, Transatlantia, TuponiaFootnote 2, and Victorialand.

The debate was placed in perspective by Thomas D’Arcy McGee, who declared on February 9, 1865:

“I read in one newspaper not less than a dozen attempts to derive a new name. One individual chooses Tuponia and another Hochelaga as a suitable name for the new nationality. Now I ask any honourable member of this House how he would feel if he woke up some fine morning and found himself instead of a Canadian, a Tuponian or a Hochelagander.”

Fortunately for posterity, McGee’s wit and reasoning – along with common sense – prevailed, and on July 1, 1867, the provinces of Canada, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick became “one Dominion under the name of Canada.”
Footnotes

Footnote 1

    A combination of the first letters of England, France, Ireland, Scotland, Germany, and Aboriginal lands.

    Return to footnote 1 referrer
Footnote 2

    An acrostic for the United Provinces of North America. An acrostic is a composition in verse of an arrangement of words in which the first, last, or certain other letters in each line taken in order, spell a word or a phrase.

可梦之 发表于 2022-6-17 03:03:34

小木 发表于 2022-6-16 21:22
咦,不是出自日语,指(太平洋的)另一边?

不知道这个说法

老实农民 发表于 2022-6-17 20:14:20

皇家骑警总监 发表于 2022-6-15 09:00
你说的北方电讯总部,如果是指现在国防部那块地方的话,那是Nepean, 不是Kanata。当时被称为BNR Carling ...

你是对的,是在Nepean的郊外,跟Kanata是紧邻的, 大部分其他it 公司在Kanata

chnle 发表于 2022-6-17 20:57:35

可梦之 发表于 2022-6-16 01:17
之前不是荷兰殖民地吗,华人很多吗?

华人还是不少的,但法定语言还是荷兰。
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